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glib/docs/reference/glib/glib-docs.xml
Emmanuele Bassi a59cd90787 Add reference counting types 
We have a common pattern for reference counting in GLib, but we always
implement it with ad hoc code. This is a good chance at trying to
standardise the implementation and make it public, so that other code
using GLib can take advantage of shared behaviour and semantics.

Instead of simply taking an integer variable, we should create type
aliases, to immediately distinguish the reference counting semantics of
the code; we can handle mixing atomic reference counting with a
non-atomic type (and vice versa) by using differently signed values for
the atomic and non-atomic cases.

The gatomicrefcount type is modelled on the Linux kernel refcount_t
type; the grefcount type is added to let single-threaded code bases to
avoid paying the price of atomic memory barriers on reference counting
operations.
2025-07-10 17:20:21 -05:00

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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC '-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN'
'http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd' [
<!ENTITY % local.common.attrib "xmlns:xi CDATA #FIXED 'http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude'">
<!ENTITY version SYSTEM "version.xml">
]>
<book id="index" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2003/XInclude">
<bookinfo>
<title>GLib Reference Manual</title>
<releaseinfo>
for GLib &version;
The latest version of this documentation can be found on-line at
<ulink role="online-location" url="https://developer.gnome.org/glib/unstable/">https://developer.gnome.org/glib/unstable/</ulink>.
</releaseinfo>
</bookinfo>
<chapter id="glib">
<title>GLib Overview</title>
<para>
GLib is a general-purpose utility library, which provides many useful
data types, macros, type conversions, string utilities, file utilities,
a mainloop abstraction, and so on. It works on many UNIX-like platforms,
as well as Windows and OS X. GLib is released under the GNU Lesser
General Public License (GNU LGPL).
</para>
<xi:include href="building.xml" />
<xi:include href="cross.xml" />
<xi:include href="programming.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/compiling.xml" />
<xi:include href="running.xml" />
<xi:include href="changes.xml" />
<xi:include href="resources.xml" />
</chapter>
<chapter id="glib-fundamentals">
<title>GLib Fundamentals</title>
<xi:include href="xml/version.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/types.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/macros.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/type_conversion.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/byte_order.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/checkedmath.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/numerical.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/macros_misc.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/atomic_operations.xml" />
</chapter>
<chapter id="glib-core">
<title>GLib Core Application Support</title>
<xi:include href="xml/main.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/threads.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/thread_pools.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/async_queues.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/modules.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/memory.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/memory_slices.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/iochannels.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/error_reporting.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/warnings.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/messages.xml" />
</chapter>
<chapter id="glib-utilities">
<title>GLib Utilities</title>
<xi:include href="xml/string_utils.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/conversions.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/unicode.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/base64.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/checksum.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/hmac.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/i18n.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/date.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/timezone.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/date-time.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/random_numbers.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/hooks.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/misc_utils.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/scanner.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/timers.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/spawn.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/fileutils.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/gurifuncs.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/ghostutils.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/shell.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/option.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/patterns.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/gregex.xml" />
<xi:include href="regex-syntax.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/markup.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/keyfile.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/bookmarkfile.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/testing.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/gunix.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/windows.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/uuid.xml" />
</chapter>
<chapter id="glib-data-types">
<title>GLib Data Types</title>
<xi:include href="xml/linked_lists_double.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/linked_lists_single.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/queue.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/sequence.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/trash_stack.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/hash_tables.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/strings.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/string_chunks.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/arrays.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/arrays_pointer.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/arrays_byte.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/trees-binary.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/trees-nary.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/quarks.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/datalist.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/datasets.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/gvarianttype.xml"/>
<xi:include href="xml/gvariant.xml"/>
<xi:include href="gvariant-varargs.xml"/>
<xi:include href="gvariant-text.xml"/>
<xi:include href="xml/refcount.xml"/>
</chapter>
<chapter id="deprecated">
<title>Deprecated APIs</title>
<xi:include href="xml/threads-deprecated.xml"/>
<xi:include href="xml/caches.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/relations.xml" />
<xi:include href="xml/completion.xml" />
</chapter>
<chapter id="tools">
<title>GLib Tools</title>
<xi:include href="glib-gettextize.xml" />
<xi:include href="gtester.xml" />
<xi:include href="gtester-report.xml" />
</chapter>
<index id="api-index-full">
<title>Index</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-full.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-deprecated" role="deprecated">
<title>Index of deprecated symbols</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-deprecated.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-2" role="2.2">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.2</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.2.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-4" role="2.4">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.4</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.4.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-6" role="2.6">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.6</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.6.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-8" role="2.8">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.8</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.8.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-10" role="2.10">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.10</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.10.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-12" role="2.12">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.12</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.12.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-14" role="2.14">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.14</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.14.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-16" role="2.16">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.16</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.16.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-18" role="2.18">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.18</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.18.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-20" role="2.20">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.20</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.20.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-22" role="2.22">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.22</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.22.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-24" role="2.24">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.24</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.24.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-26" role="2.26">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.26</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.26.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-28" role="2.28">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.28</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.28.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-30" role="2.30">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.30</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.30.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-32" role="2.32">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.32</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.32.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-34" role="2.34">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.34</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.34.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-36" role="2.36">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.36</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.36.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-38" role="2.38">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.38</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.38.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-40" role="2.40">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.40</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.40.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-42" role="2.42">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.42</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.42.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-44" role="2.44">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.44</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.44.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-46" role="2.46">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.46</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.46.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-48" role="2.48">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.48</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.48.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-50" role="2.50">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.50</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.50.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-52" role="2.52">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.52</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.52.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-54" role="2.54">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.54</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.54.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<index id="api-index-2-56" role="2.56">
<title>Index of new symbols in 2.56</title>
<xi:include href="xml/api-index-2.56.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</index>
<xi:include href="xml/annotation-glossary.xml"><xi:fallback /></xi:include>
</book>
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