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glib/glib/gutf8.c
Christian Hergert 18a33f72db introspection: use (nullable) or (optional) instead of (allow-none) 
If we have an input parameter (or return value) we need to use (nullable).
However, if it is an (inout) or (out) parameter, (optional) is sufficient.

It looks like (nullable) could be used for everything according to the
Annotation documentation, but (optional) is more specific.
2016-11-22 14:14:37 -08:00

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/* gutf8.c - Operations on UTF-8 strings.
*
* Copyright (C) 1999 Tom Tromey
* Copyright (C) 2000 Red Hat, Inc.
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#include "config.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#ifdef HAVE_CODESET
#include <langinfo.h>
#endif
#include <string.h>
#ifdef G_PLATFORM_WIN32
#include <stdio.h>
#define STRICT
#include <windows.h>
#undef STRICT
#endif
#include "gconvert.h"
#include "ghash.h"
#include "gstrfuncs.h"
#include "gtestutils.h"
#include "gtypes.h"
#include "gthread.h"
#include "glibintl.h"
#define UTF8_COMPUTE(Char, Mask, Len) \
if (Char < 128) \
{ \
Len = 1; \
Mask = 0x7f; \
} \
else if ((Char & 0xe0) == 0xc0) \
{ \
Len = 2; \
Mask = 0x1f; \
} \
else if ((Char & 0xf0) == 0xe0) \
{ \
Len = 3; \
Mask = 0x0f; \
} \
else if ((Char & 0xf8) == 0xf0) \
{ \
Len = 4; \
Mask = 0x07; \
} \
else if ((Char & 0xfc) == 0xf8) \
{ \
Len = 5; \
Mask = 0x03; \
} \
else if ((Char & 0xfe) == 0xfc) \
{ \
Len = 6; \
Mask = 0x01; \
} \
else \
Len = -1;
#define UTF8_LENGTH(Char) \
((Char) < 0x80 ? 1 : \
((Char) < 0x800 ? 2 : \
((Char) < 0x10000 ? 3 : \
((Char) < 0x200000 ? 4 : \
((Char) < 0x4000000 ? 5 : 6)))))
#define UTF8_GET(Result, Chars, Count, Mask, Len) \
(Result) = (Chars)[0] & (Mask); \
for ((Count) = 1; (Count) < (Len); ++(Count)) \
{ \
if (((Chars)[(Count)] & 0xc0) != 0x80) \
{ \
(Result) = -1; \
break; \
} \
(Result) <<= 6; \
(Result) |= ((Chars)[(Count)] & 0x3f); \
}
/*
* Check whether a Unicode (5.2) char is in a valid range.
*
* The first check comes from the Unicode guarantee to never encode
* a point above 0x0010ffff, since UTF-16 couldn't represent it.
*
* The second check covers surrogate pairs (category Cs).
*
* @param Char the character
*/
#define UNICODE_VALID(Char) \
((Char) < 0x110000 && \
(((Char) & 0xFFFFF800) != 0xD800))
static const gchar utf8_skip_data[256] = {
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,
2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,
3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,6,6,1,1
};
const gchar * const g_utf8_skip = utf8_skip_data;
/**
* g_utf8_find_prev_char:
* @str: pointer to the beginning of a UTF-8 encoded string
* @p: pointer to some position within @str
*
* Given a position @p with a UTF-8 encoded string @str, find the start
* of the previous UTF-8 character starting before @p. Returns %NULL if no
* UTF-8 characters are present in @str before @p.
*
* @p does not have to be at the beginning of a UTF-8 character. No check
* is made to see if the character found is actually valid other than
* it starts with an appropriate byte.
*
* Returns: a pointer to the found character or %NULL.
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_find_prev_char (const char *str,
const char *p)
{
for (--p; p >= str; --p)
{
if ((*p & 0xc0) != 0x80)
return (gchar *)p;
}
return NULL;
}
/**
* g_utf8_find_next_char:
* @p: a pointer to a position within a UTF-8 encoded string
* @end: (nullable): a pointer to the byte following the end of the string,
* or %NULL to indicate that the string is nul-terminated
*
* Finds the start of the next UTF-8 character in the string after @p.
*
* @p does not have to be at the beginning of a UTF-8 character. No check
* is made to see if the character found is actually valid other than
* it starts with an appropriate byte.
*
* Returns: a pointer to the found character or %NULL
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_find_next_char (const gchar *p,
const gchar *end)
{
if (end)
{
for (++p; p < end && (*p & 0xc0) == 0x80; ++p)
;
return (p >= end) ? NULL : (gchar *)p;
}
else
{
for (++p; (*p & 0xc0) == 0x80; ++p)
;
return (gchar *)p;
}
}
/**
* g_utf8_prev_char:
* @p: a pointer to a position within a UTF-8 encoded string
*
* Finds the previous UTF-8 character in the string before @p.
*
* @p does not have to be at the beginning of a UTF-8 character. No check
* is made to see if the character found is actually valid other than
* it starts with an appropriate byte. If @p might be the first
* character of the string, you must use g_utf8_find_prev_char() instead.
*
* Returns: a pointer to the found character
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_prev_char (const gchar *p)
{
while (TRUE)
{
p--;
if ((*p & 0xc0) != 0x80)
return (gchar *)p;
}
}
/**
* g_utf8_strlen:
* @p: pointer to the start of a UTF-8 encoded string
* @max: the maximum number of bytes to examine. If @max
* is less than 0, then the string is assumed to be
* nul-terminated. If @max is 0, @p will not be examined and
* may be %NULL. If @max is greater than 0, up to @max
* bytes are examined
*
* Computes the length of the string in characters, not including
* the terminating nul character. If the @max'th byte falls in the
* middle of a character, the last (partial) character is not counted.
*
* Returns: the length of the string in characters
*/
glong
g_utf8_strlen (const gchar *p,
gssize max)
{
glong len = 0;
const gchar *start = p;
g_return_val_if_fail (p != NULL || max == 0, 0);
if (max < 0)
{
while (*p)
{
p = g_utf8_next_char (p);
++len;
}
}
else
{
if (max == 0 || !*p)
return 0;
p = g_utf8_next_char (p);
while (p - start < max && *p)
{
++len;
p = g_utf8_next_char (p);
}
/* only do the last len increment if we got a complete
* char (don't count partial chars)
*/
if (p - start <= max)
++len;
}
return len;
}
/**
* g_utf8_substring:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @start_pos: a character offset within @str
* @end_pos: another character offset within @str
*
* Copies a substring out of a UTF-8 encoded string.
* The substring will contain @end_pos - @start_pos characters.
*
* Returns: a newly allocated copy of the requested
* substring. Free with g_free() when no longer needed.
*
* Since: 2.30
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_substring (const gchar *str,
glong start_pos,
glong end_pos)
{
gchar *start, *end, *out;
start = g_utf8_offset_to_pointer (str, start_pos);
end = g_utf8_offset_to_pointer (start, end_pos - start_pos);
out = g_malloc (end - start + 1);
memcpy (out, start, end - start);
out[end - start] = 0;
return out;
}
/**
* g_utf8_get_char:
* @p: a pointer to Unicode character encoded as UTF-8
*
* Converts a sequence of bytes encoded as UTF-8 to a Unicode character.
*
* If @p does not point to a valid UTF-8 encoded character, results
* are undefined. If you are not sure that the bytes are complete
* valid Unicode characters, you should use g_utf8_get_char_validated()
* instead.
*
* Returns: the resulting character
*/
gunichar
g_utf8_get_char (const gchar *p)
{
int i, mask = 0, len;
gunichar result;
unsigned char c = (unsigned char) *p;
UTF8_COMPUTE (c, mask, len);
if (len == -1)
return (gunichar)-1;
UTF8_GET (result, p, i, mask, len);
return result;
}
/**
* g_utf8_offset_to_pointer:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @offset: a character offset within @str
*
* Converts from an integer character offset to a pointer to a position
* within the string.
*
* Since 2.10, this function allows to pass a negative @offset to
* step backwards. It is usually worth stepping backwards from the end
* instead of forwards if @offset is in the last fourth of the string,
* since moving forward is about 3 times faster than moving backward.
*
* Note that this function doesn't abort when reaching the end of @str.
* Therefore you should be sure that @offset is within string boundaries
* before calling that function. Call g_utf8_strlen() when unsure.
* This limitation exists as this function is called frequently during
* text rendering and therefore has to be as fast as possible.
*
* Returns: the resulting pointer
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_offset_to_pointer (const gchar *str,
glong offset)
{
const gchar *s = str;
if (offset > 0)
while (offset--)
s = g_utf8_next_char (s);
else
{
const char *s1;
/* This nice technique for fast backwards stepping
* through a UTF-8 string was dubbed "stutter stepping"
* by its inventor, Larry Ewing.
*/
while (offset)
{
s1 = s;
s += offset;
while ((*s & 0xc0) == 0x80)
s--;
offset += g_utf8_pointer_to_offset (s, s1);
}
}
return (gchar *)s;
}
/**
* g_utf8_pointer_to_offset:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @pos: a pointer to a position within @str
*
* Converts from a pointer to position within a string to a integer
* character offset.
*
* Since 2.10, this function allows @pos to be before @str, and returns
* a negative offset in this case.
*
* Returns: the resulting character offset
*/
glong
g_utf8_pointer_to_offset (const gchar *str,
const gchar *pos)
{
const gchar *s = str;
glong offset = 0;
if (pos < str)
offset = - g_utf8_pointer_to_offset (pos, str);
else
while (s < pos)
{
s = g_utf8_next_char (s);
offset++;
}
return offset;
}
/**
* g_utf8_strncpy:
* @dest: buffer to fill with characters from @src
* @src: UTF-8 encoded string
* @n: character count
*
* Like the standard C strncpy() function, but copies a given number
* of characters instead of a given number of bytes. The @src string
* must be valid UTF-8 encoded text. (Use g_utf8_validate() on all
* text before trying to use UTF-8 utility functions with it.)
*
* Returns: @dest
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_strncpy (gchar *dest,
const gchar *src,
gsize n)
{
const gchar *s = src;
while (n && *s)
{
s = g_utf8_next_char(s);
n--;
}
strncpy(dest, src, s - src);
dest[s - src] = 0;
return dest;
}
/* unicode_strchr */
/**
* g_unichar_to_utf8:
* @c: a Unicode character code
* @outbuf: (out caller-allocates) (optional): output buffer, must have at
* least 6 bytes of space. If %NULL, the length will be computed and
* returned and nothing will be written to @outbuf.
*
* Converts a single character to UTF-8.
*
* Returns: number of bytes written
*/
int
g_unichar_to_utf8 (gunichar c,
gchar *outbuf)
{
/* If this gets modified, also update the copy in g_string_insert_unichar() */
guint len = 0;
int first;
int i;
if (c < 0x80)
{
first = 0;
len = 1;
}
else if (c < 0x800)
{
first = 0xc0;
len = 2;
}
else if (c < 0x10000)
{
first = 0xe0;
len = 3;
}
else if (c < 0x200000)
{
first = 0xf0;
len = 4;
}
else if (c < 0x4000000)
{
first = 0xf8;
len = 5;
}
else
{
first = 0xfc;
len = 6;
}
if (outbuf)
{
for (i = len - 1; i > 0; --i)
{
outbuf[i] = (c & 0x3f) | 0x80;
c >>= 6;
}
outbuf[0] = c | first;
}
return len;
}
/**
* g_utf8_strchr:
* @p: a nul-terminated UTF-8 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length of @p
* @c: a Unicode character
*
* Finds the leftmost occurrence of the given Unicode character
* in a UTF-8 encoded string, while limiting the search to @len bytes.
* If @len is -1, allow unbounded search.
*
* Returns: %NULL if the string does not contain the character,
* otherwise, a pointer to the start of the leftmost occurrence
* of the character in the string.
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_strchr (const char *p,
gssize len,
gunichar c)
{
gchar ch[10];
gint charlen = g_unichar_to_utf8 (c, ch);
ch[charlen] = '\0';
return g_strstr_len (p, len, ch);
}
/**
* g_utf8_strrchr:
* @p: a nul-terminated UTF-8 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length of @p
* @c: a Unicode character
*
* Find the rightmost occurrence of the given Unicode character
* in a UTF-8 encoded string, while limiting the search to @len bytes.
* If @len is -1, allow unbounded search.
*
* Returns: %NULL if the string does not contain the character,
* otherwise, a pointer to the start of the rightmost occurrence
* of the character in the string.
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_strrchr (const char *p,
gssize len,
gunichar c)
{
gchar ch[10];
gint charlen = g_unichar_to_utf8 (c, ch);
ch[charlen] = '\0';
return g_strrstr_len (p, len, ch);
}
/* Like g_utf8_get_char, but take a maximum length
* and return (gunichar)-2 on incomplete trailing character;
* also check for malformed or overlong sequences
* and return (gunichar)-1 in this case.
*/
static inline gunichar
g_utf8_get_char_extended (const gchar *p,
gssize max_len)
{
guint i, len;
gunichar min_code;
gunichar wc = (guchar) *p;
if (wc < 0x80)
{
return wc;
}
else if (G_UNLIKELY (wc < 0xc0))
{
return (gunichar)-1;
}
else if (wc < 0xe0)
{
len = 2;
wc &= 0x1f;
min_code = 1 << 7;
}
else if (wc < 0xf0)
{
len = 3;
wc &= 0x0f;
min_code = 1 << 11;
}
else if (wc < 0xf8)
{
len = 4;
wc &= 0x07;
min_code = 1 << 16;
}
else if (wc < 0xfc)
{
len = 5;
wc &= 0x03;
min_code = 1 << 21;
}
else if (wc < 0xfe)
{
len = 6;
wc &= 0x01;
min_code = 1 << 26;
}
else
{
return (gunichar)-1;
}
if (G_UNLIKELY (max_len >= 0 && len > max_len))
{
for (i = 1; i < max_len; i++)
{
if ((((guchar *)p)[i] & 0xc0) != 0x80)
return (gunichar)-1;
}
return (gunichar)-2;
}
for (i = 1; i < len; ++i)
{
gunichar ch = ((guchar *)p)[i];
if (G_UNLIKELY ((ch & 0xc0) != 0x80))
{
if (ch)
return (gunichar)-1;
else
return (gunichar)-2;
}
wc <<= 6;
wc |= (ch & 0x3f);
}
if (G_UNLIKELY (wc < min_code))
return (gunichar)-1;
return wc;
}
/**
* g_utf8_get_char_validated:
* @p: a pointer to Unicode character encoded as UTF-8
* @max_len: the maximum number of bytes to read, or -1, for no maximum or
* if @p is nul-terminated
*
* Convert a sequence of bytes encoded as UTF-8 to a Unicode character.
* This function checks for incomplete characters, for invalid characters
* such as characters that are out of the range of Unicode, and for
* overlong encodings of valid characters.
*
* Returns: the resulting character. If @p points to a partial
* sequence at the end of a string that could begin a valid
* character (or if @max_len is zero), returns (gunichar)-2;
* otherwise, if @p does not point to a valid UTF-8 encoded
* Unicode character, returns (gunichar)-1.
*/
gunichar
g_utf8_get_char_validated (const gchar *p,
gssize max_len)
{
gunichar result;
if (max_len == 0)
return (gunichar)-2;
result = g_utf8_get_char_extended (p, max_len);
if (result & 0x80000000)
return result;
else if (!UNICODE_VALID (result))
return (gunichar)-1;
else
return result;
}
#define CONT_BYTE_FAST(p) ((guchar)*p++ & 0x3f)
/**
* g_utf8_to_ucs4_fast:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length of @str to use, in bytes. If @len < 0,
* then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store the
* number of characters in the result, or %NULL.
*
* Convert a string from UTF-8 to a 32-bit fixed width
* representation as UCS-4, assuming valid UTF-8 input.
* This function is roughly twice as fast as g_utf8_to_ucs4()
* but does no error checking on the input. A trailing 0 character
* will be added to the string after the converted text.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UCS-4 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free().
*/
gunichar *
g_utf8_to_ucs4_fast (const gchar *str,
glong len,
glong *items_written)
{
gunichar *result;
gint n_chars, i;
const gchar *p;
g_return_val_if_fail (str != NULL, NULL);
p = str;
n_chars = 0;
if (len < 0)
{
while (*p)
{
p = g_utf8_next_char (p);
++n_chars;
}
}
else
{
while (p < str + len && *p)
{
p = g_utf8_next_char (p);
++n_chars;
}
}
result = g_new (gunichar, n_chars + 1);
p = str;
for (i=0; i < n_chars; i++)
{
guchar first = (guchar)*p++;
gunichar wc;
if (first < 0xc0)
{
/* We really hope first < 0x80, but we don't want to test an
* extra branch for invalid input, which this function
* does not care about. Handling unexpected continuation bytes
* here will do the least damage. */
wc = first;
}
else
{
gunichar c1 = CONT_BYTE_FAST(p);
if (first < 0xe0)
{
wc = ((first & 0x1f) << 6) | c1;
}
else
{
gunichar c2 = CONT_BYTE_FAST(p);
if (first < 0xf0)
{
wc = ((first & 0x0f) << 12) | (c1 << 6) | c2;
}
else
{
gunichar c3 = CONT_BYTE_FAST(p);
wc = ((first & 0x07) << 18) | (c1 << 12) | (c2 << 6) | c3;
if (G_UNLIKELY (first >= 0xf8))
{
/* This can't be valid UTF-8, but g_utf8_next_char()
* and company allow out-of-range sequences */
gunichar mask = 1 << 20;
while ((wc & mask) != 0)
{
wc <<= 6;
wc |= CONT_BYTE_FAST(p);
mask <<= 5;
}
wc &= mask - 1;
}
}
}
}
result[i] = wc;
}
result[i] = 0;
if (items_written)
*items_written = i;
return result;
}
static gpointer
try_malloc_n (gsize n_blocks, gsize n_block_bytes, GError **error)
{
gpointer ptr = g_try_malloc_n (n_blocks, n_block_bytes);
if (ptr == NULL)
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_MEMORY,
_("Failed to allocate memory"));
return ptr;
}
/**
* g_utf8_to_ucs4:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length of @str to use, in bytes. If @len < 0,
* then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_read: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number of
* bytes read, or %NULL.
* If %NULL, then %G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT will be
* returned in case @str contains a trailing partial
* character. If an error occurs then the index of the
* invalid input is stored here.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number
* of characters written or %NULL. The value here stored does not include
* the trailing 0 character.
* @error: location to store the error occurring, or %NULL to ignore
* errors. Any of the errors in #GConvertError other than
* %G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_CONVERSION may occur.
*
* Convert a string from UTF-8 to a 32-bit fixed width
* representation as UCS-4. A trailing 0 character will be added to the
* string after the converted text.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UCS-4 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free(). If an error occurs,
* %NULL will be returned and @error set.
*/
gunichar *
g_utf8_to_ucs4 (const gchar *str,
glong len,
glong *items_read,
glong *items_written,
GError **error)
{
gunichar *result = NULL;
gint n_chars, i;
const gchar *in;
in = str;
n_chars = 0;
while ((len < 0 || str + len - in > 0) && *in)
{
gunichar wc = g_utf8_get_char_extended (in, len < 0 ? 6 : str + len - in);
if (wc & 0x80000000)
{
if (wc == (gunichar)-2)
{
if (items_read)
break;
else
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT,
_("Partial character sequence at end of input"));
}
else
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid byte sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
n_chars++;
in = g_utf8_next_char (in);
}
result = try_malloc_n (n_chars + 1, sizeof (gunichar), error);
if (result == NULL)
goto err_out;
in = str;
for (i=0; i < n_chars; i++)
{
result[i] = g_utf8_get_char (in);
in = g_utf8_next_char (in);
}
result[i] = 0;
if (items_written)
*items_written = n_chars;
err_out:
if (items_read)
*items_read = in - str;
return result;
}
/**
* g_ucs4_to_utf8:
* @str: a UCS-4 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length (number of characters) of @str to use.
* If @len < 0, then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_read: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number of
* characters read, or %NULL.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number
* of bytes written or %NULL. The value here stored does not include the
* trailing 0 byte.
* @error: location to store the error occurring, or %NULL to ignore
* errors. Any of the errors in #GConvertError other than
* %G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_CONVERSION may occur.
*
* Convert a string from a 32-bit fixed width representation as UCS-4.
* to UTF-8. The result will be terminated with a 0 byte.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UTF-8 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free(). If an error occurs,
* %NULL will be returned and @error set. In that case, @items_read
* will be set to the position of the first invalid input character.
*/
gchar *
g_ucs4_to_utf8 (const gunichar *str,
glong len,
glong *items_read,
glong *items_written,
GError **error)
{
gint result_length;
gchar *result = NULL;
gchar *p;
gint i;
result_length = 0;
for (i = 0; len < 0 || i < len ; i++)
{
if (!str[i])
break;
if (str[i] >= 0x80000000)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Character out of range for UTF-8"));
goto err_out;
}
result_length += UTF8_LENGTH (str[i]);
}
result = try_malloc_n (result_length + 1, 1, error);
if (result == NULL)
goto err_out;
p = result;
i = 0;
while (p < result + result_length)
p += g_unichar_to_utf8 (str[i++], p);
*p = '\0';
if (items_written)
*items_written = p - result;
err_out:
if (items_read)
*items_read = i;
return result;
}
#define SURROGATE_VALUE(h,l) (((h) - 0xd800) * 0x400 + (l) - 0xdc00 + 0x10000)
/**
* g_utf16_to_utf8:
* @str: a UTF-16 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length (number of #gunichar2) of @str to use.
* If @len < 0, then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_read: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number of
* words read, or %NULL. If %NULL, then %G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT will
* be returned in case @str contains a trailing partial character. If
* an error occurs then the index of the invalid input is stored here.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number
* of bytes written, or %NULL. The value stored here does not include the
* trailing 0 byte.
* @error: location to store the error occurring, or %NULL to ignore
* errors. Any of the errors in #GConvertError other than
* %G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_CONVERSION may occur.
*
* Convert a string from UTF-16 to UTF-8. The result will be
* terminated with a 0 byte.
*
* Note that the input is expected to be already in native endianness,
* an initial byte-order-mark character is not handled specially.
* g_convert() can be used to convert a byte buffer of UTF-16 data of
* ambiguous endianess.
*
* Further note that this function does not validate the result
* string; it may e.g. include embedded NUL characters. The only
* validation done by this function is to ensure that the input can
* be correctly interpreted as UTF-16, i.e. it doesn't contain
* things unpaired surrogates.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UTF-8 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free(). If an error occurs,
* %NULL will be returned and @error set.
**/
gchar *
g_utf16_to_utf8 (const gunichar2 *str,
glong len,
glong *items_read,
glong *items_written,
GError **error)
{
/* This function and g_utf16_to_ucs4 are almost exactly identical -
* The lines that differ are marked.
*/
const gunichar2 *in;
gchar *out;
gchar *result = NULL;
gint n_bytes;
gunichar high_surrogate;
g_return_val_if_fail (str != NULL, NULL);
n_bytes = 0;
in = str;
high_surrogate = 0;
while ((len < 0 || in - str < len) && *in)
{
gunichar2 c = *in;
gunichar wc;
if (c >= 0xdc00 && c < 0xe000) /* low surrogate */
{
if (high_surrogate)
{
wc = SURROGATE_VALUE (high_surrogate, c);
high_surrogate = 0;
}
else
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
}
else
{
if (high_surrogate)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
if (c >= 0xd800 && c < 0xdc00) /* high surrogate */
{
high_surrogate = c;
goto next1;
}
else
wc = c;
}
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
n_bytes += UTF8_LENGTH (wc);
next1:
in++;
}
if (high_surrogate && !items_read)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT,
_("Partial character sequence at end of input"));
goto err_out;
}
/* At this point, everything is valid, and we just need to convert
*/
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
result = try_malloc_n (n_bytes + 1, 1, error);
if (result == NULL)
goto err_out;
high_surrogate = 0;
out = result;
in = str;
while (out < result + n_bytes)
{
gunichar2 c = *in;
gunichar wc;
if (c >= 0xdc00 && c < 0xe000) /* low surrogate */
{
wc = SURROGATE_VALUE (high_surrogate, c);
high_surrogate = 0;
}
else if (c >= 0xd800 && c < 0xdc00) /* high surrogate */
{
high_surrogate = c;
goto next2;
}
else
wc = c;
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
out += g_unichar_to_utf8 (wc, out);
next2:
in++;
}
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
*out = '\0';
if (items_written)
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
*items_written = out - result;
err_out:
if (items_read)
*items_read = in - str;
return result;
}
/**
* g_utf16_to_ucs4:
* @str: a UTF-16 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length (number of #gunichar2) of @str to use.
* If @len < 0, then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_read: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number of
* words read, or %NULL. If %NULL, then %G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT will
* be returned in case @str contains a trailing partial character. If
* an error occurs then the index of the invalid input is stored here.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number
* of characters written, or %NULL. The value stored here does not include
* the trailing 0 character.
* @error: location to store the error occurring, or %NULL to ignore
* errors. Any of the errors in #GConvertError other than
* %G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_CONVERSION may occur.
*
* Convert a string from UTF-16 to UCS-4. The result will be
* nul-terminated.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UCS-4 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free(). If an error occurs,
* %NULL will be returned and @error set.
*/
gunichar *
g_utf16_to_ucs4 (const gunichar2 *str,
glong len,
glong *items_read,
glong *items_written,
GError **error)
{
const gunichar2 *in;
gchar *out;
gchar *result = NULL;
gint n_bytes;
gunichar high_surrogate;
g_return_val_if_fail (str != NULL, NULL);
n_bytes = 0;
in = str;
high_surrogate = 0;
while ((len < 0 || in - str < len) && *in)
{
gunichar2 c = *in;
if (c >= 0xdc00 && c < 0xe000) /* low surrogate */
{
if (high_surrogate)
{
high_surrogate = 0;
}
else
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
}
else
{
if (high_surrogate)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
if (c >= 0xd800 && c < 0xdc00) /* high surrogate */
{
high_surrogate = c;
goto next1;
}
}
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
n_bytes += sizeof (gunichar);
next1:
in++;
}
if (high_surrogate && !items_read)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT,
_("Partial character sequence at end of input"));
goto err_out;
}
/* At this point, everything is valid, and we just need to convert
*/
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
result = try_malloc_n (n_bytes + 4, 1, error);
if (result == NULL)
goto err_out;
high_surrogate = 0;
out = result;
in = str;
while (out < result + n_bytes)
{
gunichar2 c = *in;
gunichar wc;
if (c >= 0xdc00 && c < 0xe000) /* low surrogate */
{
wc = SURROGATE_VALUE (high_surrogate, c);
high_surrogate = 0;
}
else if (c >= 0xd800 && c < 0xdc00) /* high surrogate */
{
high_surrogate = c;
goto next2;
}
else
wc = c;
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
*(gunichar *)out = wc;
out += sizeof (gunichar);
next2:
in++;
}
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
*(gunichar *)out = 0;
if (items_written)
/********** DIFFERENT for UTF8/UCS4 **********/
*items_written = (out - result) / sizeof (gunichar);
err_out:
if (items_read)
*items_read = in - str;
return (gunichar *)result;
}
/**
* g_utf8_to_utf16:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length (number of bytes) of @str to use.
* If @len < 0, then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_read: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number of
* bytes read, or %NULL. If %NULL, then %G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT will
* be returned in case @str contains a trailing partial character. If
* an error occurs then the index of the invalid input is stored here.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number
* of #gunichar2 written, or %NULL. The value stored here does not include
* the trailing 0.
* @error: location to store the error occurring, or %NULL to ignore
* errors. Any of the errors in #GConvertError other than
* %G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_CONVERSION may occur.
*
* Convert a string from UTF-8 to UTF-16. A 0 character will be
* added to the result after the converted text.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UTF-16 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free(). If an error occurs,
* %NULL will be returned and @error set.
*/
gunichar2 *
g_utf8_to_utf16 (const gchar *str,
glong len,
glong *items_read,
glong *items_written,
GError **error)
{
gunichar2 *result = NULL;
gint n16;
const gchar *in;
gint i;
g_return_val_if_fail (str != NULL, NULL);
in = str;
n16 = 0;
while ((len < 0 || str + len - in > 0) && *in)
{
gunichar wc = g_utf8_get_char_extended (in, len < 0 ? 6 : str + len - in);
if (wc & 0x80000000)
{
if (wc == (gunichar)-2)
{
if (items_read)
break;
else
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_PARTIAL_INPUT,
_("Partial character sequence at end of input"));
}
else
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid byte sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
if (wc < 0xd800)
n16 += 1;
else if (wc < 0xe000)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
else if (wc < 0x10000)
n16 += 1;
else if (wc < 0x110000)
n16 += 2;
else
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Character out of range for UTF-16"));
goto err_out;
}
in = g_utf8_next_char (in);
}
result = try_malloc_n (n16 + 1, sizeof (gunichar2), error);
if (result == NULL)
goto err_out;
in = str;
for (i = 0; i < n16;)
{
gunichar wc = g_utf8_get_char (in);
if (wc < 0x10000)
{
result[i++] = wc;
}
else
{
result[i++] = (wc - 0x10000) / 0x400 + 0xd800;
result[i++] = (wc - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xdc00;
}
in = g_utf8_next_char (in);
}
result[i] = 0;
if (items_written)
*items_written = n16;
err_out:
if (items_read)
*items_read = in - str;
return result;
}
/**
* g_ucs4_to_utf16:
* @str: a UCS-4 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length (number of characters) of @str to use.
* If @len < 0, then the string is nul-terminated.
* @items_read: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number of
* bytes read, or %NULL. If an error occurs then the index of the invalid
* input is stored here.
* @items_written: (out caller-allocates) (optional): location to store number
* of #gunichar2 written, or %NULL. The value stored here does not include
* the trailing 0.
* @error: location to store the error occurring, or %NULL to ignore
* errors. Any of the errors in #GConvertError other than
* %G_CONVERT_ERROR_NO_CONVERSION may occur.
*
* Convert a string from UCS-4 to UTF-16. A 0 character will be
* added to the result after the converted text.
*
* Returns: a pointer to a newly allocated UTF-16 string.
* This value must be freed with g_free(). If an error occurs,
* %NULL will be returned and @error set.
*/
gunichar2 *
g_ucs4_to_utf16 (const gunichar *str,
glong len,
glong *items_read,
glong *items_written,
GError **error)
{
gunichar2 *result = NULL;
gint n16;
gint i, j;
n16 = 0;
i = 0;
while ((len < 0 || i < len) && str[i])
{
gunichar wc = str[i];
if (wc < 0xd800)
n16 += 1;
else if (wc < 0xe000)
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Invalid sequence in conversion input"));
goto err_out;
}
else if (wc < 0x10000)
n16 += 1;
else if (wc < 0x110000)
n16 += 2;
else
{
g_set_error_literal (error, G_CONVERT_ERROR, G_CONVERT_ERROR_ILLEGAL_SEQUENCE,
_("Character out of range for UTF-16"));
goto err_out;
}
i++;
}
result = try_malloc_n (n16 + 1, sizeof (gunichar2), error);
if (result == NULL)
goto err_out;
for (i = 0, j = 0; j < n16; i++)
{
gunichar wc = str[i];
if (wc < 0x10000)
{
result[j++] = wc;
}
else
{
result[j++] = (wc - 0x10000) / 0x400 + 0xd800;
result[j++] = (wc - 0x10000) % 0x400 + 0xdc00;
}
}
result[j] = 0;
if (items_written)
*items_written = n16;
err_out:
if (items_read)
*items_read = i;
return result;
}
#define VALIDATE_BYTE(mask, expect) \
G_STMT_START { \
if (G_UNLIKELY((*(guchar *)p & (mask)) != (expect))) \
goto error; \
} G_STMT_END
/* see IETF RFC 3629 Section 4 */
static const gchar *
fast_validate (const char *str)
{
const gchar *p;
for (p = str; *p; p++)
{
if (*(guchar *)p < 128)
/* done */;
else
{
const gchar *last;
last = p;
if (*(guchar *)p < 0xe0) /* 110xxxxx */
{
if (G_UNLIKELY (*(guchar *)p < 0xc2))
goto error;
}
else
{
if (*(guchar *)p < 0xf0) /* 1110xxxx */
{
switch (*(guchar *)p++ & 0x0f)
{
case 0:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xe0, 0xa0); /* 0xa0 ... 0xbf */
break;
case 0x0d:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xe0, 0x80); /* 0x80 ... 0x9f */
break;
default:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
}
}
else if (*(guchar *)p < 0xf5) /* 11110xxx excluding out-of-range */
{
switch (*(guchar *)p++ & 0x07)
{
case 0:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
if (G_UNLIKELY((*(guchar *)p & 0x30) == 0))
goto error;
break;
case 4:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xf0, 0x80); /* 0x80 ... 0x8f */
break;
default:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
}
p++;
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
}
else
goto error;
}
p++;
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
continue;
error:
return last;
}
}
return p;
}
static const gchar *
fast_validate_len (const char *str,
gssize max_len)
{
const gchar *p;
g_assert (max_len >= 0);
for (p = str; ((p - str) < max_len) && *p; p++)
{
if (*(guchar *)p < 128)
/* done */;
else
{
const gchar *last;
last = p;
if (*(guchar *)p < 0xe0) /* 110xxxxx */
{
if (G_UNLIKELY (max_len - (p - str) < 2))
goto error;
if (G_UNLIKELY (*(guchar *)p < 0xc2))
goto error;
}
else
{
if (*(guchar *)p < 0xf0) /* 1110xxxx */
{
if (G_UNLIKELY (max_len - (p - str) < 3))
goto error;
switch (*(guchar *)p++ & 0x0f)
{
case 0:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xe0, 0xa0); /* 0xa0 ... 0xbf */
break;
case 0x0d:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xe0, 0x80); /* 0x80 ... 0x9f */
break;
default:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
}
}
else if (*(guchar *)p < 0xf5) /* 11110xxx excluding out-of-range */
{
if (G_UNLIKELY (max_len - (p - str) < 4))
goto error;
switch (*(guchar *)p++ & 0x07)
{
case 0:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
if (G_UNLIKELY((*(guchar *)p & 0x30) == 0))
goto error;
break;
case 4:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xf0, 0x80); /* 0x80 ... 0x8f */
break;
default:
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
}
p++;
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
}
else
goto error;
}
p++;
VALIDATE_BYTE(0xc0, 0x80); /* 10xxxxxx */
continue;
error:
return last;
}
}
return p;
}
/**
* g_utf8_validate:
* @str: (array length=max_len) (element-type guint8): a pointer to character data
* @max_len: max bytes to validate, or -1 to go until NUL
* @end: (out) (optional) (transfer none): return location for end of valid data
*
* Validates UTF-8 encoded text. @str is the text to validate;
* if @str is nul-terminated, then @max_len can be -1, otherwise
* @max_len should be the number of bytes to validate.
* If @end is non-%NULL, then the end of the valid range
* will be stored there (i.e. the start of the first invalid
* character if some bytes were invalid, or the end of the text
* being validated otherwise).
*
* Note that g_utf8_validate() returns %FALSE if @max_len is
* positive and any of the @max_len bytes are nul.
*
* Returns %TRUE if all of @str was valid. Many GLib and GTK+
* routines require valid UTF-8 as input; so data read from a file
* or the network should be checked with g_utf8_validate() before
* doing anything else with it.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if the text was valid UTF-8
*/
gboolean
g_utf8_validate (const char *str,
gssize max_len,
const gchar **end)
{
const gchar *p;
if (max_len < 0)
p = fast_validate (str);
else
p = fast_validate_len (str, max_len);
if (end)
*end = p;
if ((max_len >= 0 && p != str + max_len) ||
(max_len < 0 && *p != '\0'))
return FALSE;
else
return TRUE;
}
/**
* g_unichar_validate:
* @ch: a Unicode character
*
* Checks whether @ch is a valid Unicode character. Some possible
* integer values of @ch will not be valid. 0 is considered a valid
* character, though it's normally a string terminator.
*
* Returns: %TRUE if @ch is a valid Unicode character
**/
gboolean
g_unichar_validate (gunichar ch)
{
return UNICODE_VALID (ch);
}
/**
* g_utf8_strreverse:
* @str: a UTF-8 encoded string
* @len: the maximum length of @str to use, in bytes. If @len < 0,
* then the string is nul-terminated.
*
* Reverses a UTF-8 string. @str must be valid UTF-8 encoded text.
* (Use g_utf8_validate() on all text before trying to use UTF-8
* utility functions with it.)
*
* This function is intended for programmatic uses of reversed strings.
* It pays no attention to decomposed characters, combining marks, byte
* order marks, directional indicators (LRM, LRO, etc) and similar
* characters which might need special handling when reversing a string
* for display purposes.
*
* Note that unlike g_strreverse(), this function returns
* newly-allocated memory, which should be freed with g_free() when
* no longer needed.
*
* Returns: a newly-allocated string which is the reverse of @str
*
* Since: 2.2
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_strreverse (const gchar *str,
gssize len)
{
gchar *r, *result;
const gchar *p;
if (len < 0)
len = strlen (str);
result = g_new (gchar, len + 1);
r = result + len;
p = str;
while (r > result)
{
gchar *m, skip = g_utf8_skip[*(guchar*) p];
r -= skip;
for (m = r; skip; skip--)
*m++ = *p++;
}
result[len] = 0;
return result;
}
/**
* g_utf8_make_valid:
* @str: string to coerce into UTF-8
*
* If the provided string is valid UTF-8, return a copy of it. If not,
* return a copy in which bytes that could not be interpreted as valid Unicode
* are replaced with the Unicode replacement character (U+FFFD).
*
* For example, this is an appropriate function to use if you have received
* a string that was incorrectly declared to be UTF-8, and you need a valid
* UTF-8 version of it that can be logged or displayed to the user, with the
* assumption that it is close enough to ASCII or UTF-8 to be mostly
* readable as-is.
*
* Returns: (transfer full): a valid UTF-8 string whose content resembles @str
*
* Since: 2.52
*/
gchar *
g_utf8_make_valid (const gchar *str)
{
GString *string;
const gchar *remainder, *invalid;
gint remaining_bytes, valid_bytes;
g_return_val_if_fail (str != NULL, NULL);
string = NULL;
remainder = str;
remaining_bytes = strlen (str);
while (remaining_bytes != 0)
{
if (g_utf8_validate (remainder, remaining_bytes, &invalid))
break;
valid_bytes = invalid - remainder;
if (string == NULL)
string = g_string_sized_new (remaining_bytes);
g_string_append_len (string, remainder, valid_bytes);
/* append U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER */
g_string_append (string, "\357\277\275");
remaining_bytes -= valid_bytes + 1;
remainder = invalid + 1;
}
if (string == NULL)
return g_strdup (str);
g_string_append (string, remainder);
g_assert (g_utf8_validate (string->str, -1, NULL));
return g_string_free (string, FALSE);
}
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