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ec6056e3ab
The glib-mkenums program allows generating code to handle enums/flags
with very different purposes. One of its purposes could be generating
per-enum/flag methods to be exposed in a library API, and while doing
that, it would be nice to have a way to specify in which API version
the enum/flag was introduced, so that the same version could be shown
in the generated API methods.
E.g. From the following code:
/**
* QmiWmsMessageProtocol:
* @QMI_WMS_MESSAGE_PROTOCOL_CDMA: CDMA.
* @QMI_WMS_MESSAGE_PROTOCOL_WCDMA: WCDMA.
*
* Type of message protocol.
*
* Since: 1.0
*/
typedef enum { /*< since=1.0 >*/
QMI_WMS_MESSAGE_PROTOCOL_CDMA = 0x00,
QMI_WMS_MESSAGE_PROTOCOL_WCDMA = 0x01
} QmiWmsMessageProtocol;
The template would allow us to generate a method documented like this,
including the Since tag with the value given in the mkenums 'since' tag.
/**
* qmi_wms_message_protocol_get_string:
* @val: a QmiWmsMessageProtocol.
*
* Gets the nickname string for the #QmiWmsMessageProtocol specified at @val.
*
* Returns: (transfer none): a string with the nickname, or %NULL if not found. Do not free the returned value.
* Since: 1.0
*/
const gchar *qmi_wms_message_protocol_get_string (QmiWmsMessageProtocol val);
Signed-off-by: Aleksander Morgado <aleksander@aleksander.es>
654 lines
20 KiB
XML
654 lines
20 KiB
XML
<refentry id="glib-mkenums" lang="en">
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<refentryinfo>
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<title>gdbus</title>
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<productname>GObject</productname>
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<authorgroup>
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<author>
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<contrib>Developer</contrib>
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<firstname>Owen</firstname>
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<surname>Taylor</surname>
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</author>
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</authorgroup>
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</refentryinfo>
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<refmeta>
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<refentrytitle>glib-mkenums</refentrytitle>
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<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
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<refmiscinfo class="manual">User Commands</refmiscinfo>
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</refmeta>
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<refnamediv>
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<refname>glib-mkenums</refname>
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<refpurpose>C language enum description generation utility</refpurpose>
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</refnamediv>
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<refsynopsisdiv>
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<cmdsynopsis>
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<command>glib-mkenums</command>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTION</arg>
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<arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">FILE</arg>
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</cmdsynopsis>
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</refsynopsisdiv>
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<refsect1><title>Description</title>
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<para><command>glib-mkenums</command> is a small utility that parses C code to
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extract enum definitions and produces enum descriptions based on text templates
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specified by the user. Typically, you can use this tool to generate enumeration
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types for the GType type system, for GObject properties and signal marshalling;
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additionally, you can use it to generate enumeration values of GSettings schemas.
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</para>
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<para><command>glib-mkenums</command> takes a list of valid C code files as
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input. The options specified control the text that generated, substituting various
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keywords enclosed in <literal>@</literal> characters in the templates.
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</para>
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<refsect2><title>Production text substitutions</title>
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<para>
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Certain keywords enclosed in <literal>@</literal> characters will be substituted in the
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emitted text. For the substitution examples of the keywords below,
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the following example enum definition is assumed:
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</para>
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<informalexample><programlisting>
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typedef enum
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{
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PREFIX_THE_XVALUE = 1 << 3,
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PREFIX_ANOTHER_VALUE = 1 << 4
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} PrefixTheXEnum;
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</programlisting></informalexample>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@EnumName@</literal>></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The name of the enum currently being processed, enum names are assumed to be
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properly namespaced and to use mixed capitalization to separate
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words (e.g. <literal>PrefixTheXEnum</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@enum_name@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The enum name with words lowercase and word-separated by underscores
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(e.g. <literal>prefix_the_xenum</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@ENUMNAME@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The enum name with words uppercase and word-separated by underscores
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(e.g. <literal>PREFIX_THE_XENUM</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@ENUMSHORT@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The enum name with words uppercase and word-separated by underscores,
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prefix stripped (e.g. <literal>THE_XENUM</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@ENUMPREFIX@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The prefix of the enum name (e.g. <literal>PREFIX</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@VALUENAME@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The enum value name currently being processed with words uppercase and
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word-separated by underscores,
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this is the assumed literal notation of enum values in the C sources
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(e.g. <literal>PREFIX_THE_XVALUE</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@valuenick@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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A nick name for the enum value currently being processed, this is usually
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generated by stripping common prefix words of all the enum values of the
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current enum, the words are lowercase and underscores are substituted by a
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minus (e.g. <literal>the-xvalue</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@valuenum@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The integer value for the enum value currently being processed. If the
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evaluation fails then <command>glib-mkenums</command> will exit with an
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error status, but this only happens if <literal>@valuenum@</literal>
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appears in your value production template. (Since: 2.26)
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@type@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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This is substituted either by "enum" or "flags", depending on whether the
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enum value definitions contained bit-shift operators or not (e.g. <literal>flags</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@Type@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The same as <literal>@type@</literal> with the first letter capitalized (e.g. <literal>Flags</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@TYPE@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The same as <literal>@type@</literal> with all letters uppercased (e.g. <literal>FLAGS</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@filename@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The full path of the input file currently being processed (e.g. <literal>/build/environment/project/src/foo.h</literal>).
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>@basename@</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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The base name of the input file currently being processed (e.g. <literal>foo.h</literal>).
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Typically you want to use <literal>@basename@</literal> in place of <literal>@filename@</literal>
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in your templates, to improve the reproducibility of the build. (Since: 2.22)
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect2>
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<refsect2><title>Trigraph extensions</title>
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<para>
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Some C comments are treated specially in the parsed enum definitions,
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such comments start out with the trigraph sequence <literal>/*<</literal>
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and end with the trigraph sequence <literal>>*/</literal>.
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</para>
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<para>The following options can be specified per enum definition:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>skip</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Indicates this enum definition should be skipped.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>flags</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Indicates this enum should be treated as a flags definition.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>underscore_name</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Specifies the word separation used in the <function>*_get_type()</function>
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function. For instance, <literal>/*< underscore_name=gnome_vfs_uri_hide_options >*/</literal>.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>since</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Specifies the version tag that will be used to substitute the <literal>@enumsince@</literal>
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keyword in the template, useful when documenting methods generated from the enums
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(e.g. <literal>Since: @enumsince@</literal>). (Since: 2.66)
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>The following options can be specified per value definition:</para>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>skip</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Indicates the value should be skipped.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><literal>nick</literal></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Specifies the otherwise auto-generated nickname.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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<para>Examples:</para>
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<informalexample><programlisting>
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typedef enum /*< skip >*/
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{
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PREFIX_FOO
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} PrefixThisEnumWillBeSkipped;
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typedef enum /*< flags,prefix=PREFIX,since=1.0 >*/
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{
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PREFIX_THE_ZEROTH_VALUE, /*< skip >*/
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PREFIX_THE_FIRST_VALUE,
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PREFIX_THE_SECOND_VALUE,
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PREFIX_THE_THIRD_VALUE, /*< nick=the-last-value >*/
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} PrefixTheFlagsEnum;
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</programlisting></informalexample>
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</refsect2>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1><title>Options</title>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fhead</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> prior to processing input files.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify this option multiple times, and the <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be concatenated.
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</para>
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<para>
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When used along with a template file, <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be prepended to the template's <literal>file-header</literal> section.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--fprod</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> every time a new input file
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is being processed.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify this option multiple times, and the <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be concatenated.
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</para>
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<para>
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When used along with a template file, <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be appended to the template's <literal>file-production</literal> section.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--ftail</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> after all input files have been
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processed.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify this option multiple times, and the <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be concatenated.
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</para>
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<para>
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When used along with a template file, <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be appended to the template's <literal>file-tail</literal> section.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--eprod</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> every time an enum is encountered
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in the input files.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--vhead</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> before iterating over the set of
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values of an enum.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify this option multiple times, and the <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be concatenated.
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</para>
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<para>
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When used along with a template file, <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be prepended to the template's <literal>value-header</literal> section.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--vprod</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> for every value of an enum.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify this option multiple times, and the <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be concatenated.
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</para>
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<para>
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When used along with a template file, <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be appended to the template's <literal>value-production</literal> section.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--vtail</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Emits <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable> after iterating over all values
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of an enum.
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</para>
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<para>
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You can specify this option multiple times, and the <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be concatenated.
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</para>
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<para>
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When used along with a template file, <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable>
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will be appended to the template's <literal>value-tail</literal> section.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--comments</option> <replaceable>TEXT</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Template for auto-generated comments, the default (for C code generations) is
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<literal>"/* @comment@ */"</literal>.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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|
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--template</option> <replaceable>FILE</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Read templates from the given file. The templates are enclosed in
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specially-formatted C comments:
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</para>
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<informalexample><programlisting>
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/*** BEGIN section ***/
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/*** END section ***/
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</programlisting></informalexample>
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<para>
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<replaceable>section</replaceable> may be <literal>file-header</literal>,
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<literal>file-production</literal>, <literal>file-tail</literal>,
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<literal>enumeration-production</literal>, <literal>value-header</literal>,
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<literal>value-production</literal>, <literal>value-tail</literal> or
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<literal>comment</literal>.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--identifier-prefix</option> <replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Indicates what portion of the enum name should be interpreted as the
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prefix (eg, the "<literal>Gtk</literal>" in
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"<literal>GtkDirectionType</literal>"). Normally this will be figured
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out automatically, but you may need to override the default if your
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namespace is capitalized oddly.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--symbol-prefix</option> <replaceable>PREFIX</replaceable></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Indicates what prefix should be used to correspond to the identifier
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prefix in related C function names (eg, the "<literal>gtk</literal>"
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in "<literal>gtk_direction_type_get_type</literal>". Equivalently,
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this is the lowercase version of the prefix component of the enum
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value names (eg, the "<literal>GTK</literal>" in
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"<literal>GTK_DIR_UP</literal>". The default value is the identifier
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prefix, converted to lowercase.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--help</option></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Print brief help and exit.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--version</option></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Print version and exit.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>--output=FILE</option></term>
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<listitem><para>
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Write output to FILE instead of stdout.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term><option>@RSPFILE</option></term>
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<listitem><para>
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When passed as the sole argument, read and parse the actual arguments from
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<literal>RSPFILE</literal>. Useful on systems with a low command-line length
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limit. For example, Windows has a limit of 8191 characters.
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</para></listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</refsect1>
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<refsect1><title>Using templates</title>
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<para>
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Instead of passing the various sections of the generated file to the command
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line of <command>glib-mkenums</command>, it's strongly recommended to use a
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template file, especially for generating C sources.
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</para>
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<para>
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A C header template file will typically look like this:
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</para>
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<informalexample><programlisting>
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/*** BEGIN file-header ***/
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#pragma once
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/* Include the main project header */
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#include "project.h"
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G_BEGIN_DECLS
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/*** END file-header ***/
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/*** BEGIN file-production ***/
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/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
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/*** END file-production ***/
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/*** BEGIN value-header ***/
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GType @enum_name@_get_type (void) G_GNUC_CONST;
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#define @ENUMPREFIX@_TYPE_@ENUMSHORT@ (@enum_name@_get_type ())
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/*** END value-header ***/
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/*** BEGIN file-tail ***/
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G_END_DECLS
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/*** END file-tail ***/
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</programlisting></informalexample>
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<para>
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A C source template file will typically look like this:
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</para>
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<informalexample><programlisting>
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/*** BEGIN file-header ***/
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#include "config.h"
|
|
#include "enum-types.h"
|
|
|
|
/*** END file-header ***/
|
|
|
|
/*** BEGIN file-production ***/
|
|
/* enumerations from "@basename@" */
|
|
/*** END file-production ***/
|
|
|
|
/*** BEGIN value-header ***/
|
|
GType
|
|
@enum_name@_get_type (void)
|
|
{
|
|
static volatile gsize g_@type@_type_id__volatile;
|
|
|
|
if (g_once_init_enter (&g_define_type_id__volatile))
|
|
{
|
|
static const G@Type@Value values[] = {
|
|
/*** END value-header ***/
|
|
|
|
/*** BEGIN value-production ***/
|
|
{ @VALUENAME@, "@VALUENAME@", "@valuenick@" },
|
|
/*** END value-production ***/
|
|
|
|
/*** BEGIN value-tail ***/
|
|
{ 0, NULL, NULL }
|
|
};
|
|
|
|
GType g_@type@_type_id =
|
|
g_@type@_register_static (g_intern_static_string ("@EnumName@"), values);
|
|
|
|
g_once_init_leave (&g_@type@_type_id__volatile, g_@type@_type_id);
|
|
}
|
|
return g_@type@_type_id__volatile;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*** END value-tail ***/
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
Template files are easier to modify and update, and can be used
|
|
to generate various types of outputs using the same command line
|
|
or tools during the build.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1><title>Using glib-mkenums with Meson</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Meson supports generating enumeration types using <command>glib-mkenums</command>
|
|
out of the box in its "gnome" module.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
In your <filename>meson.build</filename> file you will typically call the
|
|
<literal>gnome.mkenums_simple()</literal> method to generate idiomatic enumeration
|
|
types from a list of headers to inspect:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<informalexample><programlisting>
|
|
project_headers = [
|
|
'project-foo.h',
|
|
'project-bar.h',
|
|
'project-baz.h',
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
gnome = import('gnome')
|
|
enum_files = gnome.mkenums_simple('enum-types',
|
|
sources: project_headers,
|
|
)
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
The <literal>enum_files</literal> variable will contain an array of two elements
|
|
in the following order:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<itemizedlist>
|
|
<listitem><para>a build target for the source file</para></listitem>
|
|
<listitem><para>a build target for the header file</para></listitem>
|
|
</itemizedlist>
|
|
<para>
|
|
You should use the returned objects to provide a dependency on every other
|
|
build target that references the source or header file; for instance, if you
|
|
are using the source to build a library:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<informalexample><programlisting>
|
|
mainlib = library('project',
|
|
sources: project_sources + enum_files,
|
|
...
|
|
)
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
<para>
|
|
Additionally, if you are including the generated header file inside a build
|
|
target that depends on the library you just built, you must ensure that the
|
|
internal dependency includes the generated header as a required source file:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<informalexample><programlisting>
|
|
mainlib_dep = declare_dependency(sources: enum_files[1], link_with: mainlib)
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
<para>
|
|
You should not include the generated source file as well, otherwise it will
|
|
be built separately for every target that depends on it, causing build
|
|
failures. To know more about why all this is required, please refer to the
|
|
<ulink url="https://mesonbuild.com/FAQ.html#how-do-i-tell-meson-that-my-sources-use-generated-headers">
|
|
corresponding Meson FAQ entry</ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
|
|
<para>
|
|
If you are generating C header and source files that require special
|
|
templates, you can use <literal>gnome.mkenums()</literal> to provide those
|
|
headers, for instance:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<informalexample><programlisting>
|
|
enum_files = gnome.mkenums('enum-types',
|
|
sources: project_headers,
|
|
h_template: 'enum-types.h.in',
|
|
c_template: 'enum-types.c.in',
|
|
install_header: true,
|
|
)
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
<para>
|
|
For more information, see the <ulink url="https://mesonbuild.com/Gnome-module.html#gnomegenmarshal">Meson
|
|
documentation for <literal>gnome.mkenums()</literal></ulink>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1><title>Using glib-mkenums with Autotools</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
In order to use <command>glib-mkenums</command> in your project when using
|
|
Autotools as the build system, you will first need to modify your
|
|
<filename>configure.ac</filename> file to ensure you find the appropriate
|
|
command using <command>pkg-config</command>, similarly as to how you discover
|
|
the compiler and linker flags for GLib.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<informalexample><programlisting>
|
|
PKG_PROG_PKG_CONFIG([0.28])
|
|
|
|
PKG_CHECK_VAR([GLIB_MKENUMS], [glib-2.0], [glib_mkenums])
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
<para>
|
|
In your <filename>Makefile.am</filename> file you will typically use rules
|
|
like these:
|
|
</para>
|
|
<informalexample><programlisting>
|
|
# A list of headers to inspect
|
|
project_headers = \
|
|
project-foo.h \
|
|
project-bar.h \
|
|
project-baz.h
|
|
|
|
enum-types.h: $(project_headers) enum-types.h.in
|
|
$(AM_V_GEN)$(GLIB_MKENUMS) \
|
|
--template=enum-types.h.in \
|
|
--output=$@ \
|
|
$(project_headers)
|
|
|
|
enum-types.c: $(project_headers) enum-types.c.in enum-types.h
|
|
$(AM_V_GEN)$(GLIB_MKENUMS) \
|
|
--template=enum-types.c.in \
|
|
--output=$@ \
|
|
$(project_headers)
|
|
|
|
# Build the enum types files before every other target
|
|
BUILT_SOURCES += enum-types.h enum-types.c
|
|
CLEANFILES += enum-types.h enum-types.c
|
|
EXTRA_DIST += enum-types.h.in enum-types.c.in
|
|
</programlisting></informalexample>
|
|
<para>
|
|
In the example above, we have a variable called <literal>project_headers</literal>
|
|
where we reference all header files we want to inspect for generating enumeration
|
|
GTypes. In the <filename>enum-types.h</filename> rule we use <command>glib-mkenums</command>
|
|
with a template called <filename>enum-types.h.in</filename> in order to generate the
|
|
header file; similarly, in the <filename>enum-types.c</filename> rule we use a
|
|
template called <filename>enum-types.c.in</filename>.
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
|
|
<refsect1><title>See also</title>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<citerefentry>
|
|
<refentrytitle>glib-genmarshal</refentrytitle>
|
|
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
|
|
</citerefentry>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</refsect1>
|
|
</refentry>
|