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glib/glib/ggettext.c
Matthias Clasen 7b954a8d15 docs: Move i18n documentation to Markdown 
Helps: #3037
2023-10-11 14:01:29 +01:00

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/* GLIB - Library of useful routines for C programming
* Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald
*
* SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/*
* Modified by the GLib Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS
* file for a list of people on the GLib Team. See the ChangeLog
* files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with
* GLib at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/.
*/
#include "config.h"
#include "ggettext.h"
#include "glibintl.h"
#include "glib-private.h"
#include "galloca.h"
#include "gthread.h"
#include "gmem.h"
#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
#include "gwin32.h"
#include "gfileutils.h"
#include "gstrfuncs.h"
#include "glib-init.h"
#endif
#include <string.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <libintl.h>
#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
/**
* _glib_get_locale_dir:
*
* Return the path to the share\locale or lib\locale subfolder of the
* GLib installation folder. The path is in the system codepage. We
* have to use system codepage as bindtextdomain() doesn't have a
* UTF-8 interface.
*/
gchar *
_glib_get_locale_dir (void)
{
gchar *install_dir = NULL, *locale_dir;
gchar *retval = NULL;
if (glib_dll != NULL)
install_dir = g_win32_get_package_installation_directory_of_module (glib_dll);
if (install_dir)
{
/*
* Append "/share/locale" or "/lib/locale" depending on whether
* autoconfigury detected GNU gettext or not.
*/
const char *p = GLIB_LOCALE_DIR + strlen (GLIB_LOCALE_DIR);
while (*--p != '/')
;
while (*--p != '/')
;
locale_dir = g_build_filename (install_dir, p, NULL);
retval = g_win32_locale_filename_from_utf8 (locale_dir);
g_free (install_dir);
g_free (locale_dir);
}
if (retval)
return retval;
else
return g_strdup ("");
}
#undef GLIB_LOCALE_DIR
#endif /* G_OS_WIN32 */
static void
ensure_gettext_initialized (void)
{
static gsize initialised;
if (g_once_init_enter (&initialised))
{
#ifdef G_OS_WIN32
gchar *tmp = _glib_get_locale_dir ();
bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, tmp);
g_free (tmp);
#else
bindtextdomain (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, GLIB_LOCALE_DIR);
#endif
# ifdef HAVE_BIND_TEXTDOMAIN_CODESET
bind_textdomain_codeset (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, "UTF-8");
# endif
g_once_init_leave (&initialised, TRUE);
}
}
/**
* glib_gettext:
* @str: The string to be translated
*
* Returns the translated string from the glib translations.
* This is an internal function and should only be used by
* the internals of glib (such as libgio).
*
* Returns: the translation of @str to the current locale
*/
const gchar *
glib_gettext (const gchar *str)
{
ensure_gettext_initialized ();
return g_dgettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, str);
}
/**
* glib_pgettext:
* @msgctxtid: a combined message context and message id, separated
* by a \004 character
* @msgidoffset: the offset of the message id in @msgctxid
*
* This function is a variant of glib_gettext() which supports
* a disambiguating message context. See g_dpgettext() for full
* details.
*
* This is an internal function and should only be used by
* the internals of glib (such as libgio).
*
* Returns: the translation of @str to the current locale
*/
const gchar *
glib_pgettext (const gchar *msgctxtid,
gsize msgidoffset)
{
ensure_gettext_initialized ();
return g_dpgettext (GETTEXT_PACKAGE, msgctxtid, msgidoffset);
}
/**
* g_strip_context:
* @msgid: a string
* @msgval: another string
*
* An auxiliary function for gettext() support (see Q_()).
*
* Returns: @msgval, unless @msgval is identical to @msgid
* and contains a '|' character, in which case a pointer to
* the substring of msgid after the first '|' character is returned.
*
* Since: 2.4
*/
const gchar *
g_strip_context (const gchar *msgid,
const gchar *msgval)
{
if (msgval == msgid)
{
const char *c = strchr (msgid, '|');
if (c != NULL)
return c + 1;
}
return msgval;
}
/**
* g_dpgettext:
* @domain: (nullable): the translation domain to use, or %NULL to use
* the domain set with textdomain()
* @msgctxtid: a combined message context and message id, separated
* by a \004 character
* @msgidoffset: the offset of the message id in @msgctxid
*
* This function is a variant of g_dgettext() which supports
* a disambiguating message context. GNU gettext uses the
* '\004' character to separate the message context and
* message id in @msgctxtid.
* If 0 is passed as @msgidoffset, this function will fall back to
* trying to use the deprecated convention of using "|" as a separation
* character.
*
* This uses g_dgettext() internally. See that functions for differences
* with dgettext() proper.
*
* Applications should normally not use this function directly,
* but use the C_() macro for translations with context.
*
* Returns: The translated string
*
* Since: 2.16
*/
const gchar *
g_dpgettext (const gchar *domain,
const gchar *msgctxtid,
gsize msgidoffset)
{
const gchar *translation;
gchar *sep;
translation = g_dgettext (domain, msgctxtid);
if (translation == msgctxtid)
{
if (msgidoffset > 0)
return msgctxtid + msgidoffset;
sep = strchr (msgctxtid, '|');
if (sep)
{
/* try with '\004' instead of '|', in case
* xgettext -kQ_:1g was used
*/
gchar *tmp = g_alloca (strlen (msgctxtid) + 1);
strcpy (tmp, msgctxtid);
tmp[sep - msgctxtid] = '\004';
translation = g_dgettext (domain, tmp);
if (translation == tmp)
return sep + 1;
}
}
return translation;
}
/* This function is taken from gettext.h
* GNU gettext uses '\004' to separate context and msgid in .mo files.
*/
/**
* g_dpgettext2:
* @domain: (nullable): the translation domain to use, or %NULL to use
* the domain set with textdomain()
* @context: the message context
* @msgid: the message
*
* This function is a variant of g_dgettext() which supports
* a disambiguating message context. GNU gettext uses the
* '\004' character to separate the message context and
* message id in @msgctxtid.
*
* This uses g_dgettext() internally. See that functions for differences
* with dgettext() proper.
*
* This function differs from C_() in that it is not a macro and
* thus you may use non-string-literals as context and msgid arguments.
*
* Returns: The translated string
*
* Since: 2.18
*/
const gchar *
g_dpgettext2 (const gchar *domain,
const gchar *msgctxt,
const gchar *msgid)
{
size_t msgctxt_len = strlen (msgctxt) + 1;
size_t msgid_len = strlen (msgid) + 1;
const char *translation;
char* msg_ctxt_id;
msg_ctxt_id = g_alloca (msgctxt_len + msgid_len);
memcpy (msg_ctxt_id, msgctxt, msgctxt_len - 1);
msg_ctxt_id[msgctxt_len - 1] = '\004';
memcpy (msg_ctxt_id + msgctxt_len, msgid, msgid_len);
translation = g_dgettext (domain, msg_ctxt_id);
if (translation == msg_ctxt_id)
{
/* try the old way of doing message contexts, too */
msg_ctxt_id[msgctxt_len - 1] = '|';
translation = g_dgettext (domain, msg_ctxt_id);
if (translation == msg_ctxt_id)
return msgid;
}
return translation;
}
static gboolean
_g_dgettext_should_translate (void)
{
static gsize translate = 0;
enum {
SHOULD_TRANSLATE = 1,
SHOULD_NOT_TRANSLATE = 2
};
if (G_UNLIKELY (g_once_init_enter (&translate)))
{
gboolean should_translate = TRUE;
const char *default_domain = textdomain (NULL);
const char *translator_comment = gettext ("");
#ifndef G_OS_WIN32
const char *translate_locale = setlocale (LC_MESSAGES, NULL);
#else
const char *translate_locale = g_win32_getlocale ();
#endif
/* We should NOT translate only if all the following hold:
* - user has called textdomain() and set textdomain to non-default
* - default domain has no translations
* - locale does not start with "en_" and is not "C"
*
* Rationale:
* - If text domain is still the default domain, maybe user calls
* it later. Continue with old behavior of translating.
* - If locale starts with "en_", we can continue using the
* translations even if the app doesn't have translations for
* this locale. That is, en_UK and en_CA for example.
* - If locale is "C", maybe user calls setlocale(LC_ALL,"") later.
* Continue with old behavior of translating.
*/
if (!default_domain || !translator_comment || !translate_locale ||
(0 != strcmp (default_domain, "messages") &&
'\0' == *translator_comment &&
0 != strncmp (translate_locale, "en_", 3) &&
0 != strcmp (translate_locale, "C")))
should_translate = FALSE;
g_once_init_leave (&translate,
should_translate ?
SHOULD_TRANSLATE :
SHOULD_NOT_TRANSLATE);
}
return translate == SHOULD_TRANSLATE;
}
/**
* g_dgettext:
* @domain: (nullable): the translation domain to use, or %NULL to use
* the domain set with textdomain()
* @msgid: message to translate
*
* This function is a wrapper of dgettext() which does not translate
* the message if the default domain as set with textdomain() has no
* translations for the current locale.
*
* The advantage of using this function over dgettext() proper is that
* libraries using this function (like GTK) will not use translations
* if the application using the library does not have translations for
* the current locale. This results in a consistent English-only
* interface instead of one having partial translations. For this
* feature to work, the call to textdomain() and setlocale() should
* precede any g_dgettext() invocations. For GTK, it means calling
* textdomain() before gtk_init or its variants.
*
* This function disables translations if and only if upon its first
* call all the following conditions hold:
*
* - @domain is not %NULL
*
* - textdomain() has been called to set a default text domain
*
* - there is no translations available for the default text domain
* and the current locale
*
* - current locale is not "C" or any English locales (those
* starting with "en_")
*
* Note that this behavior may not be desired for example if an application
* has its untranslated messages in a language other than English. In those
* cases the application should call textdomain() after initializing GTK.
*
* Applications should normally not use this function directly,
* but use the _() macro for translations.
*
* Returns: The translated string
*
* Since: 2.18
*/
const gchar *
g_dgettext (const gchar *domain,
const gchar *msgid)
{
if (domain && G_UNLIKELY (!_g_dgettext_should_translate ()))
return msgid;
return dgettext (domain, msgid);
}
/**
* g_dcgettext:
* @domain: (nullable): the translation domain to use, or %NULL to use
* the domain set with textdomain()
* @msgid: message to translate
* @category: a locale category
*
* This is a variant of g_dgettext() that allows specifying a locale
* category instead of always using `LC_MESSAGES`. See g_dgettext() for
* more information about how this functions differs from calling
* dcgettext() directly.
*
* Returns: the translated string for the given locale category
*
* Since: 2.26
*/
const gchar *
g_dcgettext (const gchar *domain,
const gchar *msgid,
gint category)
{
if (domain && G_UNLIKELY (!_g_dgettext_should_translate ()))
return msgid;
return dcgettext (domain, msgid, category);
}
/**
* g_dngettext:
* @domain: (nullable): the translation domain to use, or %NULL to use
* the domain set with textdomain()
* @msgid: message to translate
* @msgid_plural: plural form of the message
* @n: the quantity for which translation is needed
*
* This function is a wrapper of dngettext() which does not translate
* the message if the default domain as set with textdomain() has no
* translations for the current locale.
*
* See g_dgettext() for details of how this differs from dngettext()
* proper.
*
* Returns: The translated string
*
* Since: 2.18
*/
const gchar *
g_dngettext (const gchar *domain,
const gchar *msgid,
const gchar *msgid_plural,
gulong n)
{
if (domain && G_UNLIKELY (!_g_dgettext_should_translate ()))
return n == 1 ? msgid : msgid_plural;
return dngettext (domain, msgid, msgid_plural, n);
}
/**
* _:
* @String: the string to be translated
*
* Marks a string for translation, gets replaced with the translated string
* at runtime.
*
* Since: 2.4
*/
/**
* Q_:
* @String: the string to be translated, with a '|'-separated prefix
* which must not be translated
*
* Like _(), but handles context in message ids. This has the advantage
* that the string can be adorned with a prefix to guarantee uniqueness
* and provide context to the translator.
*
* One use case given in the gettext manual is GUI translation, where one
* could e.g. disambiguate two "Open" menu entries as "File|Open" and
* "Printer|Open". Another use case is the string "Russian" which may
* have to be translated differently depending on whether it's the name
* of a character set or a language. This could be solved by using
* "charset|Russian" and "language|Russian".
*
* See the C_() macro for a different way to mark up translatable strings
* with context.
*
* If you are using the Q_() macro, you need to make sure that you pass
* `--keyword=Q_` to xgettext when extracting messages.
* If you are using GNU gettext >= 0.15, you can also use
* `--keyword=Q_:1g` to let xgettext split the context
* string off into a msgctxt line in the po file.
*
* Returns: the translated message
*
* Since: 2.4
*/
/**
* C_:
* @Context: a message context, must be a string literal
* @String: a message id, must be a string literal
*
* Uses gettext to get the translation for @String. @Context is
* used as a context. This is mainly useful for short strings which
* may need different translations, depending on the context in which
* they are used.
* |[<!-- language="C" -->
* label1 = C_("Navigation", "Back");
* label2 = C_("Body part", "Back");
* ]|
*
* If you are using the C_() macro, you need to make sure that you pass
* `--keyword=C_:1c,2` to xgettext when extracting messages.
* Note that this only works with GNU gettext >= 0.15.
*
* Returns: the translated message
*
* Since: 2.16
*/
/**
* N_:
* @String: the string to be translated
*
* Only marks a string for translation. This is useful in situations
* where the translated strings can't be directly used, e.g. in string
* array initializers. To get the translated string, call gettext()
* at runtime.
* |[<!-- language="C" -->
* {
* static const char *messages[] = {
* N_("some very meaningful message"),
* N_("and another one")
* };
* const char *string;
* ...
* string
* = index &gt; 1 ? _("a default message") : gettext (messages[index]);
*
* fputs (string);
* ...
* }
* ]|
*
* Since: 2.4
*/
/**
* NC_:
* @Context: a message context, must be a string literal
* @String: a message id, must be a string literal
*
* Only marks a string for translation, with context.
* This is useful in situations where the translated strings can't
* be directly used, e.g. in string array initializers. To get the
* translated string, you should call g_dpgettext2() at runtime.
*
* |[<!-- language="C" -->
* {
* static const char *messages[] = {
* NC_("some context", "some very meaningful message"),
* NC_("some context", "and another one")
* };
* const char *string;
* ...
* string
* = index > 1 ? g_dpgettext2 (NULL, "some context", "a default message")
* : g_dpgettext2 (NULL, "some context", messages[index]);
*
* fputs (string);
* ...
* }
* ]|
*
* If you are using the NC_() macro, you need to make sure that you pass
* `--keyword=NC_:1c,2` to xgettext when extracting messages.
* Note that this only works with GNU gettext >= 0.15. Intltool has support
* for the NC_() macro since version 0.40.1.
*
* Since: 2.18
*/
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