- Update to version 1.0.4:
* Highlights
- Track memfd better to avoid inconsistent memory. Also make
sure the mixer info is removed correctly in all cases on
destroyed ports.
- Correctly handle removed objects in the metadata.
- Add an option to set the server and client priorities instead
of using a hardcoded value of 88.
- The FFADO module has been fixed. Audio and MIDI now works
with the same latency as the JACK driver. This has now also
been tested with a Focusrite Saffire Pro 14.
- The JACK library has seen some important fixes. Some ardour
crackling has been fixed when looping and multiple MIDI ports
on a client should now work.
- Small bugfixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Track memfd better to avoid inconsistent memory. Also make
sure the mixer info is removed correctly in all cases on
destroyed ports.
- Fix Props param emission again in pw_stream. (#3833)
- Add MAPPABLE flag to buffer data to indicate that the fd can
be mmapped directly. Use this on DMABUF from v4l2. (#3840)
- Correctly handle removed object in the metadata.
- FreeBSD build and compatibility fixes.
- Add an option to set the server and client priorities instead
of using a hardcoded value of 88.
- Read config overrides in the right order.
- Fix PIPEWIRE_QUANTUM rate handling in pw_stream and
pw_filter.
- Fix pw_context_parse_conf_section(), actually use the conf
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1157531
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=188
- Update to version 1.0.3+git51.89d8e8b:
* module-ffado: make the event buffer per port
* module-ffado: handle MIDI correctly
* module-ffado: implement MIDI send and receive
* module-ffado: various fixes to make things work
* stream: add pw_stream_get_nsec() to get current time
* jack: fix multiple midi input ports
* pw-top: only check terminal size in non-batch mode
* Specify "Audio" in gstreamer sink/src metadata to fix autodetect
* Add SOC-style jack names to HDMI audio paths
* gst: remove timeouts when autoconnect=false
* audioconvert: handle invalid ports better
* audioconvert: handle port remove
* pw_context_parse_conf_section: use the conf argument instead of the context's conf
* stream: FORCE_RATE should just contain the rate
* jack: FORCE_RATE should just contain the rate
* jack: set global_mix safely
* jack: sync threads by pausing the core
* alsa: Added handle for controlling htimestamp autodisable
* And more
- Remove patch already merged upstream:
* fix-gst-sink.patch
- Require pipewire-pulseaudio from pipewire-alsa so when
pipewire-alsa is installed, pipewire has audio support (or put
in other words, so pipewire-alsa isn't installed with the real
pulseaudio). Fixes boo#1221235.
- Add patch from upstream submitted at glfo#pipewire/pipewire#1932
that fixes selecting the pipewire gstreamer plugins by the
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1157175
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=187
- Update to version 1.0.2:
* Highlights
- Fix v4l2 enumeration with filter. This should fix negotiation
in some GStreamer pipelines with capsfilter. Also probe for
EXPBUF support before using it.
- Fix max-latency property and Buffer param when dealing with
small ALSA device buffers. This should fix stuttering with
some AMD based soundcards.
- More small cleanups an improvements.
* Modules
- Improve netjack2 channel positions.
- Improve RAOP module state after suspend/resume. (#3778)
- Avoid crash in some LV2 plugins by configuring the Atom
ports. (#3815)
* SPA
- Bump libcamera requirements to 0.2.0.
- Try to avoid unaligned load exceptions. (#3790)
- Fix v4l2 enumeration with filter. (#1793)
- Fix max-latency property and Buffer param when dealing with
small ALSA device buffers. This should fix stuttering with
some AMD based soundcards. (#3744,#3622)
- Add a resync.ms option to node.driver to make it possible to
resync fast to clock jumps.
- Probe for EXPBUF support in v4l2 before using it. (#3821)
* pulse-server
- Also emit change events when the port list change.
* Bluetooth
- Log a more verbose explanation when other soundservers seem
to be interfering with bluetooth.
- Add quirks for Rockbox Brick. (#3786)
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1143072
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=178
- Update to version 1.0.1:
* Highlights
- Work around the buggy ALSA backend in libcanberra by forcing
the pulse backend in module-x11-bell.
- Fix a race in the device info updates in pulse-server.
- Fix timing and rate matching in ALSA sequencer.
- Improve timing information in JACK and from the ALSA driver.
- More small fixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Fix a build issue when examples where disabled.
- Avoid some compiler warnings.
- Avoid some bitfield data races. (#3706)
* Modules
- Bump the PTP driver priority. (#3217)
- Support the previous "allowed" permission in the access
module.
- Fix filename leak in module-filter-chain.
- Work around the buggy ALSA backend in libcanberra by forcing
the pulse backend in module-x11-bell. (#3688)
- Fix a race in the device info updates in pulse-server.
- Fix compatibility in RAOP. (#3698)
* SPA
- Handle ALSA picth control errors correctly
- Clamp buffer-frames correctly. (#3000)
- Fix timing and rate matching in ALSA sequencer. (#3657)
- Revert a commit that could result in current time in the
future in the timing updates.
- Improve adapter state checks.
- Remove the timer from the ALSA pcm.
- Fix timeout in freewheel driver.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1138105
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=174
- Update to version 1.0.0 (El Presidente):
* Highlights
- Fix a memfd/dmabuf leak when uploading buffers while shutting
down.
- Handle concurrent jack_port_get_buffer() calls because ardour
seems to be doing this.
- Improve time reporting (less jitter) in ALSA when using IRQ.
- Many doc improvements.
* PipeWire
- Respect PIPEWIRE_DLCLOSE everywhere, remove pw_in_valgrind().
- Remove a warning when a client tries to change ignored
properties.
* Modules
- Fix a memfd/dmabuf leak when uploading buffers while shutting
down.
- Fix a potential segfault when copying mix structures. (#3658)
- Avoid races in setrlimit in module-rt.
- Fix a memory leak in filter-chain.
- Set rtp.ptime on senders, not receivers.
- The ROC modules were ported to ROC 0.3
* SPA
- Improve time reporting (less jitter) in ALSA when using IRQ.
(#3657)
- Add latency param query in libcamera.
- Fix some compiler warnings.
- The EVL plugin was updated.
* Bluetooth
- LC3 codec and compatibility improvements.
* Pulse server
- Fix emission of events when a sink/source state changes.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1128882
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=172
- Update to version 0.3.85 (1.0RC5):
* Highlights
- Fix an issue where a link could end up paused while not
negotiated.
- Fix an infinite recursion issue when finding runnable nodes.
- Support XDG base directories when loading ACP config.
- Fix MIDI event recording preview in Ardour.
- Many more small fixes, cleanups and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Fix an issue where a link could end up paused while not
negotiated. (#3619)
- Fix an infinite recursion issue when finding runnable nodes
by stopping the scan on feedback links around the driver.
(#3621)
- The system service now has better socket permissions.
* Modules
- Add support for uclamp. This allows the scheduler to make
better informed decisions about where tasks should be placed,
and what pstate to set for the CPU it is running on.
- Emit warnings when applications are not doing the right
locking instead of crashing.
- Improve media.name for RAOP sinks. (#3801)
- Support pause/resume in pipe-tunnel. (#3197)
- Remove time rlimit when probing for realtime to avoid
SIGXCPU.
* SPA
- Fix a bug where the resampler would be activated even when
there is an ALSA pitch element. (#3628)
- Improve resume from suspend in ALSA. (#3646)
- Add option to expose ALSA controls as prop params.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1126953
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=170
- Update to version 0.3.84 (1.0RC4):
* Highlights
- Fix a regression with openal because the queued buffers in
the stream were not reported correctly.
- Fix a bug in port busy counters that could cause random
silent links.
- Fix a regression in echo-cancel because it was not reporting
its streams as ASYNC.
- Fix a JACK regression where not all ports were enumerated in
all cases.
- Many more fixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- pw_stream now reports the queued buffers more accurately.
This fixes a regression when using openal. (#3592)
- The port busy counters were not updated correctly in some
cases. This could lead to negotiation errors and silent
links. (#3547)
- Ignore latency maximum when forcing rate/quantum. (#3613)
- Nodes can now be added to multiple groups and link-groups.
(#3612)
* Modules
- The filter-chain now also handles notify port dependencies
correctly. (#3596)
- Filter-chain has support for new linear, clamp, recip, exp,
log, mult, sine builtin plugins.
- The echo-cancel module now correctly reports its playback and
capture streams as ASYNC to avoid running out of buffers.
(#3593)
- It is now possible to specify an array of remote names to
connect to with the native protocol.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1122661
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=168
- Update to version 0.3.83:
* Highlights
- A quantum change regression was fixed.
- Use a 2 socket server now for the manager and the
applications with (when wireplumber is updated) different
permissions.
- Reduce memory usage a little in audioconvert and use fewer
buffers.
- Some JACK deadlocks were fixed.
- More bugfixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Fix quantum change regression.
- Use a 2 socket server by default. One for the session-manager
and one for applications.
- Fix a potential use-after-free in node and device cleanup.
* modules
- Some hardcoded buffer size limits were removed.
- Fix ASYNC flag on combined-streams.
- Add support for on-demand combined-streams using metadata.
* SPA
- alsa-udev will now ignore PCMs with the ACP_IGNORE udev
environment variable.
- The audioadapter now uses at least 2 buffers when the
follower is async.
- The number of buffers used by plugins was tweaked a little.
Most plugins now only ask 1 buffer.
- Memory usage in audioconvert was reduced.
- Fix some unaligned reads and writes and undefined left shifts
reported by ASAN.
- Rework vulkan dependency checking.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1119041
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=166
Note that this requires webrtc-audio-processing-1 1.3
(submitted in https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1111520 )
- Update to version 0.3.80:
* Highlights
- A new Tag param was added that allows arbitrary metadata to
be transported out-of-band in the graph.
- Vulkan DMA buf support was merged.
- The echo-canceller was ported to webrtc-audio-processing-1.
- Fix a regression in locating monitor sources by id in
pulse-server.
- Mixer io areas updates are now synchronized correctly with
the data thread to avoid potential crashes.
- Many more bugfixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Handle driver nodes that refuse to change the quantum or
rate.
- A new Tag param was added that allows arbitrary metadata to
be transported out-of-band in the graph.
* Modules
- The pipe-tunnel source has been reworked to use a ringbuffer
and rate adaption to keep the latency constant. It can now
also function as a driver to reduce resampling. (#3478)
* Tools
- pw-cat will now place media properties in Tag params.
- pw-mon can now filter props and params.
* SPA
- ALSA refuses to change quantum and rate when in IRQ mode.
- ALSA will now be smarter in selecting the period size for
batch devices and will make it depend on the samplerate.
(#3444)
- Vulkan DMA buf support was merged.
- ALSA latency will now be reported in the time domain of the
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1111523
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=156
- Add patch from upstream to fix a regression introduced in 0.3.77
which made it fail to open a monitor device as source:
* 0001-pulse-server-allow-monitors-when-selecting-source-by-index.patch
- Add patch from upstream to fix a bug which caused 100% cpu usage
under some circumstances:
* 0001-Revert-v4l2-handle-inotify-errors.patch
* 0002-Revert-v4l2-dont-set-inotify-on-_dev.patch
* 0003-spa-v4l2-use-a-separate-watch-for-each-device.patch
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1110285
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=154
- Update to version 0.3.78:
* Highlights
- An old regression was fixed with where some nodes would not
run.
- A regression was fixed where removed events would not be
shown in some cases. This would result in duplicate entries
in audio clients.
- Fix an off-by-one in the vban audio receiver. Tweak the rate
adaption a little.
- ACP will now set a UCM verb before probing the pro-audio
devices.
- More bugfixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- An old regression was fixed with where some nodes would not
run. (#3405)
- Suspend was improved a little to avoid races when the session
manager would suspend right when a driver was starting.
* Modules
- module-rtp-sap does not use the deprecated inet_aton anymore.
- Fix an off-by-one in the vban audio receiver. Tweak the rate
adaption a little. (#3380)
* SPA
- ACP will now set a UCM verb before probing the pro-audio
devices. (#3407)
- The mandatory flag will be set now on the video modifiers.
- EVL was updated to Xenomai4 r46 and xbuf creation was
improved.
- An option was added to force colors in the log even when
logging to !tty.
- The return type of spa_pod_builder_control() was fixed.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1105883
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=150
- Fix from upstream to ensure effect and sink nodes are set to
running:
* 0001-context-Dont-stop-setting-runnable-when-meeting-the-driving.patch
- Fix from upstream to prevent a crash when stopping a device
provider:
* 0001-gst-Prevent-a-crash-when-stopping-device-provider.patch
- Fix from upstream to fix a regression that makes plugins/effects
disappear in Carla Patchbay when there's no playback:
* 0001-jack-ports-become-visible-when-the-registration-is-queued.patch
* 0002-jack-handle-node.always-process-=-false-jack-nodes.patch
- Fix from upstream to fix pavucontrol and plasma-pa showing
duplicated sinks after resume or switching audio device profiles
(boo#1214374):
* 0001-pulse-server-set-all-change_mask-flags-when-removing.patch
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1104671
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=148
- Update to version 0.3.76:
* Highlights
- Fix a regression that would cause the MPV pipewire backend
to fail because of a spurious thread-loop signal.
- Fix a crash when DBus is not found.
- ALSA hires timestamps are now disabled by default.
- Some more fixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- A new option was added to pw-thread-loop to signal when the
thread starts.
- This is only used in module-rt to avoid regressions in mpv.
(#3374)
- Fix a compilation problem.
- Stream flags now only set the properties when not already
set. This fixes a regression with node autoconnect. (#3382)
* Tools
- pw-cat will now stop when the stream is disconnected. (#2731)
- Improve the pw-cat man page, mention that stdin/stdout
handling is only on raw data.
* modules
- module-rt will now not crash when dbus is not available but
error out as before.
- A new VBAN (vb-audio.com) sender and receiver was added.
(#3380)
* SPA
- Add an option in audioconvert to disable volume updates.
(#3361)
- ALSA hires timestamps are disabled by default because many
drivers seem to give wrong timestamps and cause extra delay.
* bluetooth
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1101182
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=142
- Add code in the spec file to modify the patch file
reduce-meson-dependency.patch (used to build in SLE/Leap) so that
we don't need to rebase it manually for every version update.
- Use gcc 11 in SLE/Leap since gcc 9 fails to build 0.3.75 with
../spa/include/spa/utils/cleanup.h:52:13: error: dereferencing pointer to incomplete type ‘DIR’ {aka ‘struct __dirstream’}
52 | __typeof__(*(ptr)) *_old_value = spa_steal_ptr(ptr); \
potential portal managed screencast nodes to link to the
camera even though it was not assigned permissions to do so
by the session manager.
- Permissions for links between nodes are now enforced. The
link will now check that the owner clients of the nodes can
see each other before allowing the link. This avoids
screensharing clients to accidentally being linked to the
camera nodes by the session manager. A side effect is that
patchbay tools will no longer be able to link portal managed
screencast nodes to the camera, for this we need a new
permission for those patchbay clients.
- The stream.rules/filter.rules are now evaluated when
connecting the stream/filter so that more properties can be
matched.
- Move some internal events from the context to the nodes to
better handle per-node threads in the future.
- Atomic operation macros were move from internal pipewire API
to public API.
SPA_VIDEO_FLAG_MODIFIER_FIXATION_REQUIRED flag to instruct
the application to fixate the modifiers. This simplifies some
logic in applications a lot.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1100809
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=140
- Update to version 0.3.75:
* Highlights
- Link permissions between nodes are now enforced. This avoids
potential portal managed screencast nodes to link to the camera
even though it was not assigned permissions to do so by the
session manager.
- Libcamera and v4l2 devices now have properties so that
duplicates can be filtered out by the session manager.
- A bug with draining was fixed where a buffer would be marked
EMPTY and would not play when it contained drained samples.
- Many fixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Permissions for links between nodes are now enforced. The link
will now check that the owner clients of the nodes can see each
other before allowing the link. This avoids screensharing clients
to accidentally being linked to the camera nodes by the session
manager. A side effect is that patchbay tools will no longer be
able to link portal managed screencast nodes to the camera, for
this we need a new permission for those patchbay clients.
- The stream.rules/filter.rules are now evaluated when connecting
the stream/filter so that more properties can be matched.
- Move some internal events from the context to the nodes to better
handle per-node threads in the future.
- The thread-loop will now signal when the thread is started.
* modules
- A timestamp workaround in module-raop was reverted because it
does not work in all cases. Instead latency was increased to
1.5 seconds, which also makes the problematic device in
question work.
- The profiler module was reworked a bit to use the new node
realtime events. It should now also handle dynamically added
and removed drivers.
- The module-rt now does the rtkit calls from a separate thread
so that it does not block the main thread. This could cause
deadlocks during startup in some cases.
* SPA
- Atomic operation macros were move from internal pipewire API to
public API.
- The video-info structure now has a new
SPA_VIDEO_FLAG_MODIFIER_FIXATION_REQUIRED flag to instruct the
application to fixate the modifiers. This simplifies some logic
in applications a lot.
- The libcamera and v4l2 nodes now have properties to enumerate
the device id they are using. This can be used to match v4l2
devices and libcamera devices and filter out duplicates.
- A bug with draining was fixed where a buffer would be marked
EMPTY and would not
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1100514
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=139
- Update to version 0.3.72:
* Highlights
- Fix a critical bug that would refuse to update the samplerate
or buffersize in JACK clients.
- A new module-netjack2-driver and module-netjack2-manager were
added that are compatible with NETJACK2. This allows PipeWire
to become a NETJACK2 manager or a driver between JACK2 or
PipeWire servers.
- Support was added for firewire devices with FFADO. This is
untested for now and MIDI is not implemented yet.
- The node scheduling was optimized some more. External drivers
are now as efficient as in-server ones. This should improve
performance of various drivers such as bluetooth and JACK
based drivers.
- Many, many bug fixes and a ton of improvements.
* PipeWire
- pw-filter can now be used to write sinks and sources.
- The node activation for drivers was changed. The driver now
does not need to go to the server to start the processing
cycle. This makes out-of-server drivers as efficient as
in-server drivers.
- Don't try to use drivers with 0 priority as fallback drivers.
This avoids making the screencast driver a driver for audio.
- Improve xrun count reporting in pw-top and the profiler. Now
each node has their own xrun counter updated when it fails to
complete processing during the cycle.
- pw-filter now also has support for TRIGGER.
- A potential fd leak was found when fds were send to a zombie
client.
- Fix a bug where monitor or capture streams were logged twice
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1095379
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=135
- Update to version 0.3.71:
* Highlights
- A new zero-latency jackdbus bridge was added. This works
similar to what PulseAudio has to offer and creates a
sink/source when jackdbus is started. It is however much more
efficient and runs the complete PipeWire graph as a
synchronous JACK client with no added latency.
- Many performance improvements. Activation of remote nodes is
more efficient, fewer eventfds are required on the clients,
less callback overhead in performence critical paths and an
optimized poll function was added. This was mainly driven by
the jackdbus module to get the lowest possible overhead when
running the graph.
- The JACK notify callback implementation was reworked to
emulate better what JACK does, improving compatibility with
ardour7 and the JACK stress test.
- More work on BAP devices. Device latency is now passed on to
applications also for multi-device headsets, and channel
allocation is handled better.
- Many more improvements and bugfixes.
* PipeWire
- Remove the hardcoded limit on io_areas. This is used to link
nodes together and exchange buffers, it was limited to 2048
but now dynamically scales based on requirements.
- Rate and quantum changes are now applied correctly in more
cases. (#3159)
- Updates to client-node to more efficiently process the
driver.
- The profiler information was improved to be more accurate.
It should now work better for remote drivers.
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1087688
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=131
- Update to version 0.3.70:
* Highlights:
- Fix a regression in the scheduler that could keep some nodes
IDLE.
- Fix a regression in the biquad filters in filter-chain.
- Fix a regression and potential crash in the ALSA mixer
probing.
- Fix a regression in pipewiresrc with timestamps that could
cause cheese to record video with wrong timestamps.
- Beamforming support was enabled in the echo-canceler.
- pulse-tunnel and raop-sink will now proxy local volume
changes to the remote end.
- More bugfixes and improvements.
* PipeWire
- Fix a bug in the graph scheduler where some nodes might stay
IDLE in some cases (like when connecting the source of the
echo-canceler to the sink).
- pw-metadata can now be created from the factory with initial
values for the metadata. (#3076)
- Conditions were added to the pipewire config file to make it
possible to configure the access module and the exec sections.
- Support was added in pw-stream to intercept and override
properties for the adapter. This can be used to implement
custom volume control, for example.
* Tools
- pw-metadata can now list all available metadata objects with
the -l option.
- A new pw-config tool was added to debug configuration file
loading and parsing.
* Modules
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1080926
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=128
- Add patch from upstream to avoid division by 0 and other issues
with invalid values (glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2953):
* 0001-alsa-guard-against-some-invalid-values.patch
- Add patch from upstream to fix causing an overflow resulting in
choppy sound in some cases (glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2680):
* 0001-spa-Fix-audioconvert-overflow-when-scaling.patch
- Add patch from upstream to fix a crash on arm:
* 0001-cpu-arm-Fix-incorrect-free.patch
(glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2914)
suspended, were kept suspended on a rate change.
(glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2929)
rates were allowed. (glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2925)
(glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2891)
properties. (glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2933)
echo-cancel. (glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2939)
(glfo#pipewire/pipewire#1599)
fail. This caused problems for espeak.
(glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2928)
set to -1. (glfo#pipewire/pipewire#2893)
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/1058858
OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/multimedia:libs/pipewire?expand=0&rev=106
