forked from pool/cups-airprint
Accepting request 361247 from home:jsmeix:branches:Printing
Inserted a new section 2. CAVEATS in README.SUSE about possible limitations of AirPrint support via CUPS. OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/request/show/361247 OBS-URL: https://build.opensuse.org/package/show/Printing/cups-airprint?expand=0&rev=5
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README.SUSE
117
README.SUSE
@ -1,31 +1,90 @@
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1. INTRODUCTION
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---------------
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AirPrint is an Apple technology that helps you create full-quality printed
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output from iOS or OS X devices without the need to download or install
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drivers.
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drivers.
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AirPrint works by combining two open-source technologies:
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Some printers support AirPrint natively; for those you don't need CUPS
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AirPrint support. For any other printer, if it can be printed to via CUPS
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on openSUSE, this package provides the additional tools and configuration
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files needed to add CUPS AirPrint support for basic printing tasks from
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iOS or OS X devices. For limitations see the "caveats" section below.
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CUPS AirPrint support works by combining three open-source technologies:
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-mDNS/DNS-SD (a.k.a. Bonjour, or ZeroConf) for printer discovery, and
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-CUPS (actually, the IPP protocol) for sending print jobs.
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-CUPS for receiving print jobs that are sent from iOS or OS X devices
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via the IPP protocol, and
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-cups-filters + Linux printer drivers for converting the printing data
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in a print job (PDF or URF) into the native data format of the
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particular printer device that finally produces the printout.
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On openSUSE Linux, the standard mDNS implementation is called Avahi.
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This package is about the first item:
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-discovery of CUPS printers on iOS or OS X devices via mDNS/DNS-SD
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2. PREREQUISITES
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The CUPS AirPrint support that is provided by this package generates
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and publishes appropriate DNS-SD records for CUPS printers
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so that iOS and OS X devices can use them.
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2. CAVEATS
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----------
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In general: CUPS + Linux printer drivers != AirPrint.
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Sharing CUPS printers (i.e. sharing printers with Linux printer drivers)
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via appropriate DNS-SD records so that iOS and OS X devices can use them
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often works but may also fail in spectacular and frustrating ways, which
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is the reason why there is no native AirPrint support in CUPS.
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In general basic printing tasks from iOS or OS X devices should work
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like printing emails or web pages to standard Letter or A4 media.
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But as soon as one goes beyond basic printing tasks things may fall apart.
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Some examples what may not work when using CUPS as an AirPrint server:
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-Ready media (that's how one gets to pick media sizes on iOS)
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-Proper media selection, scaling, and rotation
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-Printer status ("out of paper", etc.)
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-Duplex printing with some printers
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-Color/grayscale mode
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-Copies
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Some of these deficiencies would require major changes to CUPS and its
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driver architecture to fix, others require driver and (in some cases)
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printer firmware updates to correct.
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For reference see the "How to enable AirPrint in CUPS" mail thread
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on the "CUPS user discussion list" <cups@cups.org> in October 2015,
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in particular see
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http://cups.org/pipermail/cups/2015-October/027192.html
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http://cups.org/pipermail/cups/2015-October/027196.html
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http://cups.org/pipermail/cups/2015-October/027201.html
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3. PREREQUISITES
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----------------
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All printers for which you want to add AirPrint support must first be set up to
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accept print jobs via CUPS. Only shared CUPS printers will be offered for
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access via AirPrint.
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All printers for which you want to add CUPS AirPrint support must first
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be set up to accept print jobs via CUPS. Only shared CUPS printers will
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be offered for access via AirPrint.
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At least some iOS apps send the URF format when printing via AirPrint so that
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the matching urftopdf filter that is provided in cups-filters >= 1.0.25 is
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required to convert URF into PDF (PDF is the current standard printing data
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format which can be further converted into the printer's native data format).
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Because cups-filters cannot be reasonably well used with traditional
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CUPS <= 1.5.4 also a modern CUPS >= 1.6 is in practice required.
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In the following instructions it is assumed (and recommended) that the CUPS and
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Avahi servers are running on the same host, and that the default configuration
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of Avahi is used. It is also assumed that the (Apple) client devices and the
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CUPS/Avahi host are on the same subnet (see 5.2).
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CUPS/Avahi host are on the same subnet (see 6.2).
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3. AUTOMATIC CONFIGURATION
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4. AUTOMATIC CONFIGURATION
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--------------------------
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By installing this package, some setup steps are automatically taken care of:
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@ -34,24 +93,24 @@ By installing this package, some setup steps are automatically taken care of:
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-Some extra MIME configuration files for CUPS are added:
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/usr/share/cups/mime/apple.types
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/usr/share/cups/mime/local.convs
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/usr/share/cups/mime/apple.types
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/usr/share/cups/mime/local.convs
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-A tool for generating mDNS service profiles for CUPS printers is installed:
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/usr/sbin/airprint-generate.py
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/usr/sbin/airprint-generate.py
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4. MANUAL CONFIGURATION
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5. MANUAL CONFIGURATION
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-----------------------
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The following manual configuration steps must be carried out after installing
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this package:
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4.1 CUPS configuration
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5.1 CUPS configuration
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A "ServerAlias" configuration entry must be added to /etc/cups/cupsd.conf. You
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A "ServerAlias" configuration entry must be added to /etc/cups/cupsd.conf. You
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can do it by running the command
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cupsctl "ServerAlias=$HOST.local"
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@ -64,14 +123,15 @@ Next, enable printer sharing if it isn't enabled already:
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cupsctl --share-printers
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Make sure each individual printer you wish to access via AirPrint is also shared.
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Make sure each individual printer you wish to access via AirPrint is also
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shared.
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Finally, restart CUPS:
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systemctl restart cups
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4.2 Avahi configuration
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5.2 Avahi configuration
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Generate Avahi service definitions for your CUPS printers:
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@ -83,13 +143,16 @@ generates profiles for. If you see no output at all, check the CUPS settings.
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Make sure that the Avahi service is running.
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4.3 Firewall
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5.3 Firewall
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In general regarding firewall protection see
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https://en.opensuse.org/SDB:CUPS_and_SANE_Firewall_settings
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If there is a firewall between the CUPS/Avahi host and your Apple devices, the
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relevant service ports must be opened:
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-port 631 (ipp)
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-port 5353 (mdns)
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-port 631 (ipp)
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-port 5353 (mdns)
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If you are using SuSEfirewall2, you can run "yast firewall" to open the ports.
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Under "Allowed Services" you need to allow the "Zeroconf/Bonjour Multicast DNS"
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@ -102,10 +165,10 @@ If you want to edit /etc/sysconfig/SuSEfirewall2 manually, you need to add
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FW_CONFIGURATIONS_EXT="avahi"
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5. REMARKS
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6. REMARKS
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----------
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5.1 CUPS internal mDNS responder
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6.1 CUPS internal mDNS responder
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With CUPS version 1.4 an internal mDNS responder was added for announcing
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printers on the local network. Unfortunately, the printer records it sends are
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@ -115,7 +178,7 @@ The workaround is to publish duplicate printer records specifically tailored
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for AirPrint, which is what this package is for.
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5.2 Local subnet only
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6.2 Local subnet only
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These instructions only work if your Apple devices are on the same subnet as
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the CUPS/Avahi server. It is possible to make AirPrint work across subnets, but
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@ -126,7 +189,9 @@ package.
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[2] http://pig.made-it.com/cups-dns-sd.html#7041
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5.3 Trademarks
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6.3 Trademarks
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AirPrint, Bonjour, and OS X are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered
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in the U.S. and other countries, see
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http://www.apple.com/legal/intellectual-property/trademark/appletmlist.html
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AirPrint and OS X are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and
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other countries.
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@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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Tue Feb 23 11:03:57 CET 2016 - jsmeix@suse.de
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- Inserted a new section "2. CAVEATS" in README.SUSE
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about possible limitations of AirPrint support via CUPS.
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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Mon Feb 22 09:47:54 CET 2016 - jsmeix@suse.de
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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
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Name: cups-airprint
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Version: 1.0
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Release: 0
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Summary: Airprint for CUPS printers
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Summary: AirPrint for CUPS printers
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License: MIT
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Group: Hardware/Printing
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Url: https://github.com/tjfontaine/airprint-generate
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@ -51,10 +51,12 @@ AirPrint is an Apple technology that helps you create full-quality printed
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output from iOS or OS X devices without the need to download or install
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drivers.
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Some printers support AirPrint natively; for those you don't need this package.
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For any other printer, if it can be printed to via CUPS on openSUSE, this
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package provides the additional tools and configuration files needed to add
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AirPrint support.
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Some printers support AirPrint natively; for those you don't need CUPS
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AirPrint support. For any other printer, if it can be printed to via CUPS
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on openSUSE, this package provides the additional tools and configuration
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files needed to add CUPS AirPrint support for basic printing tasks from
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iOS or OS X devices. For limitations see the "caveats" section in:
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%{_docdir}/%{name}/README.SUSE
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Some post-install configuration changes have to be performed manually to make
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AirPrint work; please follow the instructions in:
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