docs/multiseat.txt: add note about spice

Signed-off-by: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@redhat.com>

block.c

@@ -1228,6 +1228,7 @@ int bdrv_open_image(BlockDriverState **pbs, const char *filename,
                        bdref_key);
             ret = -EINVAL;
         }
+        QDECREF(image_options);
         goto done;
     }
 

block/qapi.c

@@ -475,6 +475,7 @@ static void dump_qobject(fprintf_function func_fprintf, void *f,
         case QTYPE_QERROR: {
             QString *value = qerror_human((QError *)obj);
             func_fprintf(f, "%s", qstring_get_str(value));
+            QDECREF(value);
             break;
         }
         case QTYPE_NONE:

block/qcow2.c

@@ -1308,6 +1308,7 @@ static void qcow2_invalidate_cache(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
     options = qdict_clone_shallow(bs->options);
 
     ret = qcow2_open(bs, options, flags, &local_err);
+    QDECREF(options);
     if (local_err) {
         error_setg(errp, "Could not reopen qcow2 layer: %s",
                    error_get_pretty(local_err));
@@ -1318,8 +1319,6 @@ static void qcow2_invalidate_cache(BlockDriverState *bs, Error **errp)
         return;
     }
 
-    QDECREF(options);
-
     if (crypt_method) {
         s->crypt_method = crypt_method;
         memcpy(&s->aes_encrypt_key, &aes_encrypt_key, sizeof(aes_encrypt_key));

block/raw-posix.c

@@ -1192,7 +1192,7 @@ again:
         if (size == 0)
 #endif
 #if defined(__APPLE__) && defined(__MACH__)
-        size = LONG_LONG_MAX;
+        size = LLONG_MAX;
 #else
         size = lseek(fd, 0LL, SEEK_END);
 #endif

block/sheepdog.c

@@ -2176,6 +2176,7 @@ static int sd_snapshot_create(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_info)
     strncpy(s->inode.tag, sn_info->name, sizeof(s->inode.tag));
     /* we don't need to update entire object */
     datalen = SD_INODE_SIZE - sizeof(s->inode.data_vdi_id);
+    inode = g_malloc(datalen);
 
     /* refresh inode. */
     fd = connect_to_sdog(s, &local_err);
@@ -2202,8 +2203,6 @@ static int sd_snapshot_create(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_info)
         goto cleanup;
     }
 
-    inode = (SheepdogInode *)g_malloc(datalen);
-
     ret = read_object(fd, (char *)inode, vid_to_vdi_oid(new_vid),
                       s->inode.nr_copies, datalen, 0, s->cache_flags);
 
@@ -2217,6 +2216,7 @@ static int sd_snapshot_create(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_info)
             s->inode.name, s->inode.snap_id, s->inode.vdi_id);
 
 cleanup:
+    g_free(inode);
     closesocket(fd);
     return ret;
 }

block/vmdk.c

@@ -1534,7 +1534,7 @@ static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
     int ret, i;
     BlockDriverState *bs = NULL;
     VMDK4Header header;
-    Error *local_err;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_sectors, gt_size, gt_count;
     uint32_t *gd_buf = NULL;
     int gd_buf_size;
@@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
 {
     int idx = 0;
     BlockDriverState *new_bs = NULL;
-    Error *local_err;
+    Error *local_err = NULL;
     char *desc = NULL;
     int64_t total_size = 0, filesize;
     const char *adapter_type = NULL;
@@ -1881,7 +1881,7 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
     } else {
         ret = bdrv_create_file(filename, options, &local_err);
         if (ret < 0) {
-            error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not create image file");
+            error_propagate(errp, local_err);
             goto exit;
         }
     }
@@ -1889,7 +1889,7 @@ static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options,
     ret = bdrv_open(&new_bs, filename, NULL, NULL,
                     BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL, NULL, &local_err);
     if (ret < 0) {
-        error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not write description");
+        error_propagate(errp, local_err);
         goto exit;
     }
     ret = bdrv_pwrite(new_bs, desc_offset, desc, desc_len);

block/vvfat.c

@@ -787,7 +787,9 @@ static int read_directory(BDRVVVFATState* s, int mapping_index)
 	    s->current_mapping->path=buffer;
 	    s->current_mapping->read_only =
 		(st.st_mode & (S_IWUSR | S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH)) == 0;
-	}
+        } else {
+            g_free(buffer);
+        }
     }
     closedir(dir);
 
@@ -1866,7 +1868,7 @@ static int check_directory_consistency(BDRVVVFATState *s,
 
 	if (s->used_clusters[cluster_num] & USED_ANY) {
 	    fprintf(stderr, "cluster %d used more than once\n", (int)cluster_num);
-	    return 0;
+            goto fail;
 	}
 	s->used_clusters[cluster_num] = USED_DIRECTORY;
 
@@ -2929,6 +2931,7 @@ static int enable_write_target(BDRVVVFATState *s, Error **errp)
     set_option_parameter(options, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE, "fat:");
 
     ret = bdrv_create(bdrv_qcow, s->qcow_filename, options, errp);
+    free_option_parameters(options);
     if (ret < 0) {
         goto err;
     }

blockdev.c

@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ static DriveInfo *blockdev_init(const char *file, QDict *bs_opts,
     opts = qemu_opts_create(&qemu_common_drive_opts, id, 1, &error);
     if (error) {
         error_propagate(errp, error);
-        return NULL;
+        goto err_no_opts;
     }
 
     qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, bs_opts, &error);
@@ -564,8 +564,9 @@ bdrv_new_err:
     g_free(dinfo->id);
     g_free(dinfo);
 early_err:
-    QDECREF(bs_opts);
     qemu_opts_del(opts);
+err_no_opts:
+    QDECREF(bs_opts);
     return NULL;
 }
 
@@ -939,6 +940,7 @@ DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *all_opts, BlockInterfaceType block_default_type)
 
     /* Actual block device init: Functionality shared with blockdev-add */
     dinfo = blockdev_init(filename, bs_opts, &local_err);
+    bs_opts = NULL;
     if (dinfo == NULL) {
         if (local_err) {
             error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(local_err));
@@ -976,6 +978,7 @@ DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *all_opts, BlockInterfaceType block_default_type)
 
 fail:
     qemu_opts_del(legacy_opts);
+    QDECREF(bs_opts);
     return dinfo;
 }
 

docs/multiseat.txt

@@ -6,16 +6,20 @@ host side
 ---------
 
 First you must compile qemu with a user interface supporting
-multihead/multiseat and input event routing.  Right now this list is
-pretty short: sdl2.
+multihead/multiseat and input event routing.  Right now this
+list includes sdl2 and gtk (both 2+3):
 
   ./configure --enable-sdl --with-sdlabi=2.0
 
+or
+
+  ./configure --enable-gtk
+
 
 Next put together the qemu command line:
 
 qemu	-enable-kvm -usb $memory $disk $whatever \
-	-display sdl \
+	-display [ sdl | gtk ] \
 	-vga std \
 	-device usb-tablet
 
@@ -37,6 +41,20 @@ The "display=video2" sets up the input routing.  Any input coming from
 the window which belongs to the video.2 display adapter will be routed
 to these input devices.
 
+The sdl2 ui will start up with two windows, one for each display
+device.  The gtk ui will start with a single window and each display
+in a separate tab.  You can either simply switch tabs to switch heads,
+or use the "View / Detach tab" menu item to move one of the displays
+to its own window so you can see both display devices side-by-side.
+
+Note on spice: Spice handles multihead just fine.  But it can't do
+multiseat.  For tablet events the event source is sent to the spice
+agent.  But qemu can't figure it, so it can't do input routing.
+Fixing this needs a new or extended input interface between
+libspice-server and qemu.  For keyboard events it is even worse:  The
+event source isn't included in the spice protocol, so the wire
+protocol must be extended to support this.
+
 
 guest side
 ----------
@@ -46,29 +64,37 @@ You need a pretty recent linux guest.  systemd with loginctl.  kernel
 fully updated for the new kernel though, i.e. the live iso doesn't cut
 it.
 
-Now we'll have to configure the guest.  Boot and login.  By default
-all devices belong to seat0.  You can use "loginctl seat-status seat0"
-to list them all (and to get the sysfs paths for cut+paste).  Now
-we'll go assign all pci devices connected the pci bridge in slot 12 to
-a new head:
+Now we'll have to configure the guest.  Boot and login.  "lspci -vt"
+should list the pci bridge with the display adapter and usb controller:
 
-loginctl attach seat-qemu \
-	 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.0/0000:01:02.0/drm/card1
-loginctl attach seat-qemu \
-	 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.0/0000:01:02.0/graphics/fb1
-loginctl attach seat-qemu \
-	 /sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:12.0/0000:01:0f.0/usb2
+    [root@fedora ~]# lspci -vt
+    -[0000:00]-+-00.0  Intel Corporation 440FX - 82441FX PMC [Natoma]
+               [ ... ]
+               \-12.0-[01]--+-02.0  Device 1234:1111
+                            \-0f.0  NEC Corporation USB 3.0 Host Controller
 
-Use "loginctl seat-status seat-qemu" to check the result.  It isn't
-needed to assign the usb devices to the head individually, assigning a
-usb (root) hub will automatically assign all usb devices connected to
-it too.
+Good.  Now lets tell the system that the pci bridge and all devices
+below it belong to a separate seat by dropping a file into
+/etc/udev/rules.d:
 
-BTW: loginctl writes udev rules to /etc/udev/rules.d to make these
-device assignments permanent, so you need to do this only once.
+    [root@fedora ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-qemu-autoseat.rules
+    SUBSYSTEMS=="pci", DEVPATH=="*/0000:00:12.0", TAG+="seat", ENV{ID_AUTOSEAT}="1"
 
-Now simply restart gdm (rebooting will do too), and a login screen
-should show up on the second head.
+Reboot.  System should come up with two seats.  With loginctl you can
+check the configuration:
+
+    [root@fedora ~]# loginctl list-seats
+    SEAT
+    seat0
+    seat-pci-pci-0000_00_12_0
+
+    2 seats listed.
+
+You can use "loginctl seat-status seat-pci-pci-0000_00_12_0" to list
+the devices attached to the seat.
+
+Background info is here:
+  http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/multiseat/
 
 Enjoy!
 

hw/misc/vfio.c

@@ -133,6 +133,15 @@ enum {
     VFIO_INT_MSIX = 3,
 };
 
+typedef struct VFIOAddressSpace {
+    AddressSpace *as;
+    QLIST_HEAD(, VFIOContainer) containers;
+    QLIST_ENTRY(VFIOAddressSpace) list;
+} VFIOAddressSpace;
+
+static QLIST_HEAD(, VFIOAddressSpace) vfio_address_spaces =
+    QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vfio_address_spaces);
+
 struct VFIOGroup;
 
 typedef struct VFIOType1 {
@@ -142,6 +151,7 @@ typedef struct VFIOType1 {
 } VFIOType1;
 
 typedef struct VFIOContainer {
+    VFIOAddressSpace *space;
     int fd; /* /dev/vfio/vfio, empowered by the attached groups */
     struct {
         /* enable abstraction to support various iommu backends */
@@ -150,10 +160,18 @@ typedef struct VFIOContainer {
         };
         void (*release)(struct VFIOContainer *);
     } iommu_data;
+    QLIST_HEAD(, VFIOGuestIOMMU) giommu_list;
     QLIST_HEAD(, VFIOGroup) group_list;
     QLIST_ENTRY(VFIOContainer) next;
 } VFIOContainer;
 
+typedef struct VFIOGuestIOMMU {
+    VFIOContainer *container;
+    MemoryRegion *iommu;
+    Notifier n;
+    QLIST_ENTRY(VFIOGuestIOMMU) giommu_next;
+} VFIOGuestIOMMU;
+
 /* Cache of MSI-X setup plus extra mmap and memory region for split BAR map */
 typedef struct VFIOMSIXInfo {
     uint8_t table_bar;
@@ -234,9 +252,6 @@ static const VFIORomBlacklistEntry romblacklist[] = {
 
 #define MSIX_CAP_LENGTH 12
 
-static QLIST_HEAD(, VFIOContainer)
-    container_list = QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(container_list);
-
 static QLIST_HEAD(, VFIOGroup)
     group_list = QLIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(group_list);
 
@@ -1668,6 +1683,149 @@ static void vfio_probe_ati_bar4_window_quirk(VFIODevice *vdev, int nr)
             vdev->host.function);
 }
 
+#define PCI_VENDOR_ID_REALTEK 0x10ec
+
+/*
+ * RTL8168 devices have a backdoor that can access the MSI-X table.  At BAR2
+ * offset 0x70 there is a dword data register, offset 0x74 is a dword address
+ * register.  According to the Linux r8169 driver, the MSI-X table is addressed
+ * when the "type" portion of the address register is set to 0x1.  This appears
+ * to be bits 16:30.  Bit 31 is both a write indicator and some sort of
+ * "address latched" indicator.  Bits 12:15 are a mask field, which we can
+ * ignore because the MSI-X table should always be accessed as a dword (full
+ * mask).  Bits 0:11 is offset within the type.
+ *
+ * Example trace:
+ *
+ * Read from MSI-X table offset 0
+ * vfio: vfio_bar_write(0000:05:00.0:BAR2+0x74, 0x1f000, 4) // store read addr
+ * vfio: vfio_bar_read(0000:05:00.0:BAR2+0x74, 4) = 0x8001f000 // latch
+ * vfio: vfio_bar_read(0000:05:00.0:BAR2+0x70, 4) = 0xfee00398 // read data
+ *
+ * Write 0xfee00000 to MSI-X table offset 0
+ * vfio: vfio_bar_write(0000:05:00.0:BAR2+0x70, 0xfee00000, 4) // write data
+ * vfio: vfio_bar_write(0000:05:00.0:BAR2+0x74, 0x8001f000, 4) // do write
+ * vfio: vfio_bar_read(0000:05:00.0:BAR2+0x74, 4) = 0x1f000 // complete
+ */
+
+static uint64_t vfio_rtl8168_window_quirk_read(void *opaque,
+                                               hwaddr addr, unsigned size)
+{
+    VFIOQuirk *quirk = opaque;
+    VFIODevice *vdev = quirk->vdev;
+
+    switch (addr) {
+    case 4: /* address */
+        if (quirk->data.flags) {
+            DPRINTF("%s fake read(%04x:%02x:%02x.%d)\n",
+                    memory_region_name(&quirk->mem), vdev->host.domain,
+                    vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot, vdev->host.function);
+
+            return quirk->data.address_match ^ 0x10000000U;
+        }
+        break;
+    case 0: /* data */
+        if (quirk->data.flags) {
+            uint64_t val;
+
+            DPRINTF("%s MSI-X table read(%04x:%02x:%02x.%d)\n",
+                    memory_region_name(&quirk->mem), vdev->host.domain,
+                    vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot, vdev->host.function);
+
+            if (!(vdev->pdev.cap_present & QEMU_PCI_CAP_MSIX)) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            io_mem_read(&vdev->pdev.msix_table_mmio,
+                        (hwaddr)(quirk->data.address_match & 0xfff),
+                        &val, size);
+            return val;
+        }
+    }
+
+    DPRINTF("%s direct read(%04x:%02x:%02x.%d)\n",
+            memory_region_name(&quirk->mem), vdev->host.domain,
+            vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot, vdev->host.function);
+
+    return vfio_bar_read(&vdev->bars[quirk->data.bar], addr + 0x70, size);
+}
+
+static void vfio_rtl8168_window_quirk_write(void *opaque, hwaddr addr,
+                                            uint64_t data, unsigned size)
+{
+    VFIOQuirk *quirk = opaque;
+    VFIODevice *vdev = quirk->vdev;
+
+    switch (addr) {
+    case 4: /* address */
+        if ((data & 0x7fff0000) == 0x10000) {
+            if (data & 0x10000000U &&
+                vdev->pdev.cap_present & QEMU_PCI_CAP_MSIX) {
+
+                DPRINTF("%s MSI-X table write(%04x:%02x:%02x.%d)\n",
+                        memory_region_name(&quirk->mem), vdev->host.domain,
+                        vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot, vdev->host.function);
+
+                io_mem_write(&vdev->pdev.msix_table_mmio,
+                             (hwaddr)(quirk->data.address_match & 0xfff),
+                             data, size);
+            }
+
+            quirk->data.flags = 1;
+            quirk->data.address_match = data;
+
+            return;
+        }
+        quirk->data.flags = 0;
+        break;
+    case 0: /* data */
+        quirk->data.address_mask = data;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    DPRINTF("%s direct write(%04x:%02x:%02x.%d)\n",
+            memory_region_name(&quirk->mem), vdev->host.domain,
+            vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot, vdev->host.function);
+
+    vfio_bar_write(&vdev->bars[quirk->data.bar], addr + 0x70, data, size);
+}
+
+static const MemoryRegionOps vfio_rtl8168_window_quirk = {
+    .read = vfio_rtl8168_window_quirk_read,
+    .write = vfio_rtl8168_window_quirk_write,
+    .valid = {
+        .min_access_size = 4,
+        .max_access_size = 4,
+        .unaligned = false,
+    },
+    .endianness = DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN,
+};
+
+static void vfio_probe_rtl8168_bar2_window_quirk(VFIODevice *vdev, int nr)
+{
+    PCIDevice *pdev = &vdev->pdev;
+    VFIOQuirk *quirk;
+
+    if (pci_get_word(pdev->config + PCI_VENDOR_ID) != PCI_VENDOR_ID_REALTEK ||
+        pci_get_word(pdev->config + PCI_DEVICE_ID) != 0x8168 || nr != 2) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    quirk = g_malloc0(sizeof(*quirk));
+    quirk->vdev = vdev;
+    quirk->data.bar = nr;
+
+    memory_region_init_io(&quirk->mem, OBJECT(vdev), &vfio_rtl8168_window_quirk,
+                          quirk, "vfio-rtl8168-window-quirk", 8);
+    memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(&vdev->bars[nr].mem,
+                                        0x70, &quirk->mem, 1);
+
+    QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vdev->bars[nr].quirks, quirk, next);
+
+    DPRINTF("Enabled RTL8168 BAR2 window quirk for device %04x:%02x:%02x.%x\n",
+            vdev->host.domain, vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot,
+            vdev->host.function);
+}
 /*
  * Trap the BAR2 MMIO window to config space as well.
  */
@@ -2071,6 +2229,7 @@ static void vfio_bar_quirk_setup(VFIODevice *vdev, int nr)
     vfio_probe_nvidia_bar5_window_quirk(vdev, nr);
     vfio_probe_nvidia_bar0_88000_quirk(vdev, nr);
     vfio_probe_nvidia_bar0_1800_quirk(vdev, nr);
+    vfio_probe_rtl8168_bar2_window_quirk(vdev, nr);
 }
 
 static void vfio_bar_quirk_teardown(VFIODevice *vdev, int nr)
@@ -2232,7 +2391,8 @@ static int vfio_dma_map(VFIOContainer *container, hwaddr iova,
 
 static bool vfio_listener_skipped_section(MemoryRegionSection *section)
 {
-    return !memory_region_is_ram(section->mr) ||
+    return (!memory_region_is_ram(section->mr) &&
+            !memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) ||
            /*
             * Sizing an enabled 64-bit BAR can cause spurious mappings to
             * addresses in the upper part of the 64-bit address space.  These
@@ -2242,17 +2402,75 @@ static bool vfio_listener_skipped_section(MemoryRegionSection *section)
            section->offset_within_address_space & (1ULL << 63);
 }
 
+static void vfio_iommu_map_notify(Notifier *n, void *data)
+{
+    VFIOGuestIOMMU *giommu = container_of(n, VFIOGuestIOMMU, n);
+    VFIOContainer *container = giommu->container;
+    IOMMUTLBEntry *iotlb = data;
+    MemoryRegion *mr;
+    hwaddr xlat;
+    hwaddr len = iotlb->addr_mask + 1;
+    void *vaddr;
+    int ret;
+
+    DPRINTF("iommu map @ %"HWADDR_PRIx" - %"HWADDR_PRIx"\n",
+            iotlb->iova, iotlb->iova + iotlb->addr_mask);
+
+    /*
+     * The IOMMU TLB entry we have just covers translation through
+     * this IOMMU to its immediate target.  We need to translate
+     * it the rest of the way through to memory.
+     */
+    mr = address_space_translate(&address_space_memory,
+                                 iotlb->translated_addr,
+                                 &xlat, &len, iotlb->perm & IOMMU_WO);
+    if (!memory_region_is_ram(mr)) {
+        DPRINTF("iommu map to non memory area %"HWADDR_PRIx"\n",
+                xlat);
+        return;
+    }
+    /*
+     * Translation truncates length to the IOMMU page size,
+     * check that it did not truncate too much.
+     */
+    if (len & iotlb->addr_mask) {
+        DPRINTF("iommu has granularity incompatible with target AS\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (iotlb->perm != IOMMU_NONE) {
+        vaddr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(mr) + xlat;
+
+        ret = vfio_dma_map(container, iotlb->iova,
+                           iotlb->addr_mask + 1, vaddr,
+                           !(iotlb->perm & IOMMU_WO) || mr->readonly);
+        if (ret) {
+            error_report("vfio_dma_map(%p, 0x%"HWADDR_PRIx", "
+                         "0x%"HWADDR_PRIx", %p) = %d (%m)",
+                         container, iotlb->iova,
+                         iotlb->addr_mask + 1, vaddr, ret);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ret = vfio_dma_unmap(container, iotlb->iova, iotlb->addr_mask + 1);
+        if (ret) {
+            error_report("vfio_dma_unmap(%p, 0x%"HWADDR_PRIx", "
+                         "0x%"HWADDR_PRIx") = %d (%m)",
+                         container, iotlb->iova,
+                         iotlb->addr_mask + 1, ret);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 static void vfio_listener_region_add(MemoryListener *listener,
                                      MemoryRegionSection *section)
 {
     VFIOContainer *container = container_of(listener, VFIOContainer,
                                             iommu_data.type1.listener);
     hwaddr iova, end;
+    Int128 llend;
     void *vaddr;
     int ret;
 
-    assert(!memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr));
-
     if (vfio_listener_skipped_section(section)) {
         DPRINTF("SKIPPING region_add %"HWADDR_PRIx" - %"PRIx64"\n",
                 section->offset_within_address_space,
@@ -2268,21 +2486,65 @@ static void vfio_listener_region_add(MemoryListener *listener,
     }
 
     iova = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(section->offset_within_address_space);
-    end = (section->offset_within_address_space + int128_get64(section->size)) &
-          TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
+    llend = int128_make64(section->offset_within_address_space);
+    llend = int128_add(llend, section->size);
+    llend = int128_and(llend, int128_exts64(TARGET_PAGE_MASK));
 
-    if (iova >= end) {
+    if (int128_ge(int128_make64(iova), llend)) {
         return;
     }
 
+    memory_region_ref(section->mr);
+
+    if (memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) {
+        VFIOGuestIOMMU *giommu;
+
+        DPRINTF("region_add [iommu] %"HWADDR_PRIx" - %"HWADDR_PRIx"\n",
+                iova, int128_get64(int128_sub(llend, int128_one())));
+        /*
+         * FIXME: We should do some checking to see if the
+         * capabilities of the host VFIO IOMMU are adequate to model
+         * the guest IOMMU
+         *
+         * FIXME: For VFIO iommu types which have KVM acceleration to
+         * avoid bouncing all map/unmaps through qemu this way, this
+         * would be the right place to wire that up (tell the KVM
+         * device emulation the VFIO iommu handles to use).
+         */
+        /*
+         * This assumes that the guest IOMMU is empty of
+         * mappings at this point.
+         *
+         * One way of doing this is:
+         * 1. Avoid sharing IOMMUs between emulated devices or different
+         * IOMMU groups.
+         * 2. Implement VFIO_IOMMU_ENABLE in the host kernel to fail if
+         * there are some mappings in IOMMU.
+         *
+         * VFIO on SPAPR does that. Other IOMMU models may do that different,
+         * they must make sure there are no existing mappings or
+         * loop through existing mappings to map them into VFIO.
+         */
+        giommu = g_malloc0(sizeof(*giommu));
+        giommu->iommu = section->mr;
+        giommu->container = container;
+        giommu->n.notify = vfio_iommu_map_notify;
+        QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&container->giommu_list, giommu, giommu_next);
+        memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(giommu->iommu, &giommu->n);
+
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* Here we assume that memory_region_is_ram(section->mr)==true */
+
+    end = int128_get64(llend);
     vaddr = memory_region_get_ram_ptr(section->mr) +
             section->offset_within_region +
             (iova - section->offset_within_address_space);
 
-    DPRINTF("region_add %"HWADDR_PRIx" - %"HWADDR_PRIx" [%p]\n",
+    DPRINTF("region_add [ram] %"HWADDR_PRIx" - %"HWADDR_PRIx" [%p]\n",
             iova, end - 1, vaddr);
 
-    memory_region_ref(section->mr);
     ret = vfio_dma_map(container, iova, end - iova, vaddr, section->readonly);
     if (ret) {
         error_report("vfio_dma_map(%p, 0x%"HWADDR_PRIx", "
@@ -2326,6 +2588,27 @@ static void vfio_listener_region_del(MemoryListener *listener,
         return;
     }
 
+    if (memory_region_is_iommu(section->mr)) {
+        VFIOGuestIOMMU *giommu;
+
+        QLIST_FOREACH(giommu, &container->giommu_list, giommu_next) {
+            if (giommu->iommu == section->mr) {
+                memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(&giommu->n);
+                QLIST_REMOVE(giommu, giommu_next);
+                g_free(giommu);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /*
+         * FIXME: We assume the one big unmap below is adequate to
+         * remove any individual page mappings in the IOMMU which
+         * might have been copied into VFIO. This works for a page table
+         * based IOMMU where a big unmap flattens a large range of IO-PTEs.
+         * That may not be true for all IOMMU types.
+         */
+    }
+
     iova = TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(section->offset_within_address_space);
     end = (section->offset_within_address_space + int128_get64(section->size)) &
           TARGET_PAGE_MASK;
@@ -3274,16 +3557,43 @@ static void vfio_kvm_device_del_group(VFIOGroup *group)
 #endif
 }
 
-static int vfio_connect_container(VFIOGroup *group)
+static VFIOAddressSpace *vfio_get_address_space(AddressSpace *as)
+{
+    VFIOAddressSpace *space;
+
+    QLIST_FOREACH(space, &vfio_address_spaces, list) {
+        if (space->as == as) {
+            return space;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* No suitable VFIOAddressSpace, create a new one */
+    space = g_malloc0(sizeof(*space));
+    space->as = as;
+    QLIST_INIT(&space->containers);
+
+    QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vfio_address_spaces, space, list);
+
+    return space;
+}
+
+static void vfio_put_address_space(VFIOAddressSpace *space)
+{
+    if (QLIST_EMPTY(&space->containers)) {
+        QLIST_REMOVE(space, list);
+        g_free(space);
+    }
+}
+
+static int vfio_connect_container(VFIOGroup *group, AddressSpace *as)
 {
     VFIOContainer *container;
     int ret, fd;
+    VFIOAddressSpace *space;
 
-    if (group->container) {
-        return 0;
-    }
+    space = vfio_get_address_space(as);
 
-    QLIST_FOREACH(container, &container_list, next) {
+    QLIST_FOREACH(container, &space->containers, next) {
         if (!ioctl(group->fd, VFIO_GROUP_SET_CONTAINER, &container->fd)) {
             group->container = container;
             QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&container->group_list, group, container_next);
@@ -3294,35 +3604,35 @@ static int vfio_connect_container(VFIOGroup *group)
     fd = qemu_open("/dev/vfio/vfio", O_RDWR);
     if (fd < 0) {
         error_report("vfio: failed to open /dev/vfio/vfio: %m");
-        return -errno;
+        ret = -errno;
+        goto put_space_exit;
     }
 
     ret = ioctl(fd, VFIO_GET_API_VERSION);
     if (ret != VFIO_API_VERSION) {
         error_report("vfio: supported vfio version: %d, "
                      "reported version: %d", VFIO_API_VERSION, ret);
-        close(fd);
-        return -EINVAL;
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto close_fd_exit;
     }
 
     container = g_malloc0(sizeof(*container));
+    container->space = space;
     container->fd = fd;
 
     if (ioctl(fd, VFIO_CHECK_EXTENSION, VFIO_TYPE1_IOMMU)) {
         ret = ioctl(group->fd, VFIO_GROUP_SET_CONTAINER, &fd);
         if (ret) {
             error_report("vfio: failed to set group container: %m");
-            g_free(container);
-            close(fd);
-            return -errno;
+            ret = -errno;
+            goto free_container_exit;
         }
 
         ret = ioctl(fd, VFIO_SET_IOMMU, VFIO_TYPE1_IOMMU);
         if (ret) {
             error_report("vfio: failed to set iommu for container: %m");
-            g_free(container);
-            close(fd);
-            return -errno;
+            ret = -errno;
+            goto free_container_exit;
         }
 
         container->iommu_data.type1.listener = vfio_memory_listener;
@@ -3333,29 +3643,39 @@ static int vfio_connect_container(VFIOGroup *group)
 
         if (container->iommu_data.type1.error) {
             ret = container->iommu_data.type1.error;
-            vfio_listener_release(container);
-            g_free(container);
-            close(fd);
             error_report("vfio: memory listener initialization failed for container");
-            return ret;
+            goto listener_release_exit;
         }
 
         container->iommu_data.type1.initialized = true;
 
     } else {
         error_report("vfio: No available IOMMU models");
-        g_free(container);
-        close(fd);
-        return -EINVAL;
+        ret = -EINVAL;
+        goto free_container_exit;
     }
 
     QLIST_INIT(&container->group_list);
-    QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&container_list, container, next);
+    QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&space->containers, container, next);
 
     group->container = container;
     QLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&container->group_list, group, container_next);
 
     return 0;
+
+listener_release_exit:
+    vfio_listener_release(container);
+
+free_container_exit:
+    g_free(container);
+
+close_fd_exit:
+    close(fd);
+
+put_space_exit:
+    vfio_put_address_space(space);
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 static void vfio_disconnect_container(VFIOGroup *group)
@@ -3371,6 +3691,8 @@ static void vfio_disconnect_container(VFIOGroup *group)
     group->container = NULL;
 
     if (QLIST_EMPTY(&container->group_list)) {
+        VFIOAddressSpace *space = container->space;
+
         if (container->iommu_data.release) {
             container->iommu_data.release(container);
         }
@@ -3378,10 +3700,12 @@ static void vfio_disconnect_container(VFIOGroup *group)
         DPRINTF("vfio_disconnect_container: close container->fd\n");
         close(container->fd);
         g_free(container);
+
+        vfio_put_address_space(space);
     }
 }
 
-static VFIOGroup *vfio_get_group(int groupid)
+static VFIOGroup *vfio_get_group(int groupid, AddressSpace *as)
 {
     VFIOGroup *group;
     char path[32];
@@ -3389,7 +3713,14 @@ static VFIOGroup *vfio_get_group(int groupid)
 
     QLIST_FOREACH(group, &group_list, next) {
         if (group->groupid == groupid) {
-            return group;
+            /* Found it.  Now is it already in the right context? */
+            if (group->container->space->as == as) {
+                return group;
+            } else {
+                error_report("vfio: group %d used in multiple address spaces",
+                             group->groupid);
+                return NULL;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -3399,34 +3730,27 @@ static VFIOGroup *vfio_get_group(int groupid)
     group->fd = qemu_open(path, O_RDWR);
     if (group->fd < 0) {
         error_report("vfio: error opening %s: %m", path);
-        g_free(group);
-        return NULL;
+        goto free_group_exit;
     }
 
     if (ioctl(group->fd, VFIO_GROUP_GET_STATUS, &status)) {
         error_report("vfio: error getting group status: %m");
-        close(group->fd);
-        g_free(group);
-        return NULL;
+        goto close_fd_exit;
     }
 
     if (!(status.flags & VFIO_GROUP_FLAGS_VIABLE)) {
         error_report("vfio: error, group %d is not viable, please ensure "
                      "all devices within the iommu_group are bound to their "
                      "vfio bus driver.", groupid);
-        close(group->fd);
-        g_free(group);
-        return NULL;
+        goto close_fd_exit;
     }
 
     group->groupid = groupid;
     QLIST_INIT(&group->device_list);
 
-    if (vfio_connect_container(group)) {
+    if (vfio_connect_container(group, as)) {
         error_report("vfio: failed to setup container for group %d", groupid);
-        close(group->fd);
-        g_free(group);
-        return NULL;
+        goto close_fd_exit;
     }
 
     if (QLIST_EMPTY(&group_list)) {
@@ -3438,6 +3762,14 @@ static VFIOGroup *vfio_get_group(int groupid)
     vfio_kvm_device_add_group(group);
 
     return group;
+
+close_fd_exit:
+    close(group->fd);
+
+free_group_exit:
+    g_free(group);
+
+    return NULL;
 }
 
 static void vfio_put_group(VFIOGroup *group)
@@ -3768,7 +4100,7 @@ static int vfio_initfn(PCIDevice *pdev)
     DPRINTF("%s(%04x:%02x:%02x.%x) group %d\n", __func__, vdev->host.domain,
             vdev->host.bus, vdev->host.slot, vdev->host.function, groupid);
 
-    group = vfio_get_group(groupid);
+    group = vfio_get_group(groupid, pci_device_iommu_address_space(pdev));
     if (!group) {
         error_report("vfio: failed to get group %d", groupid);
         return -ENOENT;

include/qemu/int128.h

@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ static inline Int128 int128_2_64(void)
     return (Int128) { 0, 1 };
 }
 
+static inline Int128 int128_exts64(int64_t a)
+{
+    return (Int128) { .lo = a, .hi = (a < 0) ? -1 : 0 };
+}
+
 static inline Int128 int128_and(Int128 a, Int128 b)
 {
     return (Int128) { a.lo & b.lo, a.hi & b.hi };

include/ui/console.h

@@ -82,6 +82,8 @@ void do_mouse_set(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict);
 #define QEMU_KEY_CTRL_PAGEDOWN   0xe407
 
 void kbd_put_keysym_console(QemuConsole *s, int keysym);
+bool kbd_put_qcode_console(QemuConsole *s, int qcode);
+void kbd_put_string_console(QemuConsole *s, const char *str, int len);
 void kbd_put_keysym(int keysym);
 
 /* consoles */

include/ui/input.h

@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ InputEvent *qemu_input_event_new_key(KeyValue *key, bool down);
 void qemu_input_event_send_key(QemuConsole *src, KeyValue *key, bool down);
 void qemu_input_event_send_key_number(QemuConsole *src, int num, bool down);
 void qemu_input_event_send_key_qcode(QemuConsole *src, QKeyCode q, bool down);
+void qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(uint32_t delay_ms);
 int qemu_input_key_number_to_qcode(uint8_t nr);
 int qemu_input_key_value_to_number(const KeyValue *value);
 int qemu_input_key_value_to_qcode(const KeyValue *value);

memory.c

@@ -1722,12 +1722,19 @@ void address_space_init(AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegion *root, const char *name)
 
 void address_space_destroy(AddressSpace *as)
 {
+    MemoryListener *listener;
+
     /* Flush out anything from MemoryListeners listening in on this */
     memory_region_transaction_begin();
     as->root = NULL;
     memory_region_transaction_commit();
     QTAILQ_REMOVE(&address_spaces, as, address_spaces_link);
     address_space_destroy_dispatch(as);
+
+    QTAILQ_FOREACH(listener, &memory_listeners, link) {
+        assert(listener->address_space_filter != as);
+    }
+
     flatview_unref(as->current_map);
     g_free(as->name);
     g_free(as->ioeventfds);

qemu-img.c

@@ -287,6 +287,7 @@ static int print_block_option_help(const char *filename, const char *fmt)
         proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(filename, true);
         if (!proto_drv) {
             error_report("Unknown protocol '%s'", filename);
+            free_option_parameters(create_options);
             return 1;
         }
         create_options = append_option_parameters(create_options,
@@ -662,9 +663,7 @@ static int img_check(int argc, char **argv)
     ret = collect_image_check(bs, check, filename, fmt, fix);
 
     if (ret == -ENOTSUP) {
-        if (output_format == OFORMAT_HUMAN) {
-            error_report("This image format does not support checks");
-        }
+        error_report("This image format does not support checks");
         ret = 63;
         goto fail;
     }
@@ -1454,7 +1453,7 @@ static int img_convert(int argc, char **argv)
     ret = bdrv_parse_cache_flags(cache, &flags);
     if (ret < 0) {
         error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", cache);
-        return -1;
+        goto out;
     }
 
     out_bs = bdrv_new_open("target", out_filename, out_fmt, flags, true, quiet);

qemu-io.c

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable, QDict *opts)
 
     if (qemuio_bs) {
         fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
+        QDECREF(opts);
         return 1;
     }
 
@@ -61,7 +62,8 @@ static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable, QDict *opts)
         if (bdrv_open(&qemuio_bs, name, NULL, opts, flags | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
                       NULL, &local_err))
         {
-            fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s: %s\n", progname, name,
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open%s%s: %s\n", progname,
+                    name ? " device " : "", name ?: "",
                     error_get_pretty(local_err));
             error_free(local_err);
             return 1;
@@ -72,7 +74,8 @@ static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable, QDict *opts)
         if (bdrv_open(&qemuio_bs, name, NULL, opts, flags, NULL, &local_err)
             < 0)
         {
-            fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s: %s\n", progname, name,
+            fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open%s%s: %s\n", progname,
+                    name ? " device " : "", name ?: "",
                     error_get_pretty(local_err));
             error_free(local_err);
             bdrv_unref(qemuio_bs);
@@ -118,6 +121,7 @@ static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
 
 static QemuOptsList empty_opts = {
     .name = "drive",
+    .merge_lists = true,
     .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(empty_opts.head),
     .desc = {
         /* no elements => accept any params */
@@ -132,7 +136,7 @@ static int open_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
     int growable = 0;
     int c;
     QemuOpts *qopts;
-    QDict *opts = NULL;
+    QDict *opts;
 
     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrgo:")) != EOF) {
         switch (c) {
@@ -149,15 +153,14 @@ static int open_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
             growable = 1;
             break;
         case 'o':
-            qopts = qemu_opts_parse(&empty_opts, optarg, 0);
-            if (qopts == NULL) {
+            if (!qemu_opts_parse(&empty_opts, optarg, 0)) {
                 printf("could not parse option list -- %s\n", optarg);
+                qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
                 return 0;
             }
-            opts = qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, opts);
-            qemu_opts_del(qopts);
             break;
         default:
+            qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
             return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
         }
     }
@@ -166,11 +169,16 @@ static int open_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
     }
 
+    qopts = qemu_opts_find(&empty_opts, NULL);
+    opts = qopts ? qemu_opts_to_qdict(qopts, NULL) : NULL;
+    qemu_opts_reset(&empty_opts);
+
     if (optind == argc - 1) {
         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable, opts);
     } else if (optind == argc) {
         return openfile(NULL, flags, growable, opts);
     } else {
+        QDECREF(opts);
         return qemuio_command_usage(&open_cmd);
     }
 }

trace-events

@@ -1047,6 +1047,14 @@ gd_update(const char *tab, int x, int y, int w, int h) "tab=%s, x=%d, y=%d, w=%d
 gd_key_event(const char *tab, int gdk_keycode, int qemu_keycode, const char *action) "tab=%s, translated GDK keycode %d to QEMU keycode %d (%s)"
 gd_grab(const char *tab, const char *device, bool on) "tab=%s, %s %d"
 
+# ui/vnc.c
+vnc_key_guest_leds(bool caps, bool num, bool scroll) "caps %d, num %d, scroll %d"
+vnc_key_map_init(const char *layout) "%s"
+vnc_key_event_ext(bool down, int sym, int keycode, const char *name) "down %d, sym 0x%x, keycode 0x%x [%s]"
+vnc_key_event_map(bool down, int sym, int keycode, const char *name) "down %d, sym 0x%x -> keycode 0x%x [%s]"
+vnc_key_sync_numlock(bool on) "%d"
+vnc_key_sync_capslock(bool on) "%d"
+
 # ui/input.c
 input_event_key_number(int conidx, int number, const char *qcode, bool down) "con %d, key number 0x%x [%s], down %d"
 input_event_key_qcode(int conidx, const char *qcode, bool down) "con %d, key qcode %s, down %d"

ui/console.c

@@ -1109,6 +1109,39 @@ void kbd_put_keysym_console(QemuConsole *s, int keysym)
     }
 }
 
+static const int qcode_to_keysym[Q_KEY_CODE_MAX] = {
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_UP]     = QEMU_KEY_UP,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_DOWN]   = QEMU_KEY_DOWN,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_RIGHT]  = QEMU_KEY_RIGHT,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_LEFT]   = QEMU_KEY_LEFT,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_HOME]   = QEMU_KEY_HOME,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_END]    = QEMU_KEY_END,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_PGUP]   = QEMU_KEY_PAGEUP,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_PGDN]   = QEMU_KEY_PAGEDOWN,
+    [Q_KEY_CODE_DELETE] = QEMU_KEY_DELETE,
+};
+
+bool kbd_put_qcode_console(QemuConsole *s, int qcode)
+{
+    int keysym;
+
+    keysym = qcode_to_keysym[qcode];
+    if (keysym == 0) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    kbd_put_keysym_console(s, keysym);
+    return true;
+}
+
+void kbd_put_string_console(QemuConsole *s, const char *str, int len)
+{
+    int i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < len && str[i]; i++) {
+        kbd_put_keysym_console(s, str[i]);
+    }
+}
+
 void kbd_put_keysym(int keysym)
 {
     kbd_put_keysym_console(active_console, keysym);

ui/curses.c

@@ -277,31 +277,41 @@ static void curses_refresh(DisplayChangeListener *dcl)
              * events, we need to emit both for each key received */
             if (keycode & SHIFT) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, SHIFT_CODE, true);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
             if (keycode & CNTRL) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, CNTRL_CODE, true);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
             if (keycode & ALT) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, ALT_CODE, true);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
             if (keycode & ALTGR) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, GREY | ALT_CODE, true);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
 
             qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, keycode & KEY_MASK, true);
+            qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, keycode & KEY_MASK, false);
+            qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
 
             if (keycode & ALTGR) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, GREY | ALT_CODE, false);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
             if (keycode & ALT) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, ALT_CODE, false);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
             if (keycode & CNTRL) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, CNTRL_CODE, false);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
             if (keycode & SHIFT) {
                 qemu_input_event_send_key_number(NULL, SHIFT_CODE, false);
+                qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
             }
         } else {
             keysym = curses2qemu[chr];

ui/input-legacy.c

@@ -74,27 +74,6 @@ int index_from_key(const char *key)
     return i;
 }
 
-static KeyValue **keyvalues;
-static int keyvalues_size;
-static QEMUTimer *key_timer;
-
-static void free_keyvalues(void)
-{
-    g_free(keyvalues);
-    keyvalues = NULL;
-    keyvalues_size = 0;
-}
-
-static void release_keys(void *opaque)
-{
-    while (keyvalues_size > 0) {
-        qemu_input_event_send_key(NULL, keyvalues[--keyvalues_size],
-                                  false);
-    }
-
-    free_keyvalues();
-}
-
 static KeyValue *copy_key_value(KeyValue *src)
 {
     KeyValue *dst = g_new(KeyValue, 1);
@@ -107,30 +86,18 @@ void qmp_send_key(KeyValueList *keys, bool has_hold_time, int64_t hold_time,
 {
     KeyValueList *p;
 
-    if (!key_timer) {
-        key_timer = timer_new_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, release_keys, NULL);
-    }
-
-    if (keyvalues != NULL) {
-        timer_del(key_timer);
-        release_keys(NULL);
-    }
-
     if (!has_hold_time) {
-        hold_time = 100;
+        hold_time = 0; /* use default */
     }
 
     for (p = keys; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
         qemu_input_event_send_key(NULL, copy_key_value(p->value), true);
-
-        keyvalues = g_realloc(keyvalues, sizeof(KeyValue *) *
-                              (keyvalues_size + 1));
-        keyvalues[keyvalues_size++] = copy_key_value(p->value);
+        qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(hold_time);
+    }
+    for (p = keys; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
+        qemu_input_event_send_key(NULL, copy_key_value(p->value), false);
+        qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(hold_time);
     }
-
-    /* delayed key up events */
-    timer_mod(key_timer, qemu_clock_get_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL) +
-              muldiv64(get_ticks_per_sec(), hold_time, 1000));
 }
 
 static void legacy_kbd_event(DeviceState *dev, QemuConsole *src,

ui/input.c

@@ -14,11 +14,31 @@ struct QemuInputHandlerState {
     QemuConsole       *con;
     QTAILQ_ENTRY(QemuInputHandlerState) node;
 };
+
+typedef struct QemuInputEventQueue QemuInputEventQueue;
+struct QemuInputEventQueue {
+    enum {
+        QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_DELAY = 1,
+        QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_EVENT,
+        QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_SYNC,
+    } type;
+    QEMUTimer *timer;
+    uint32_t delay_ms;
+    QemuConsole *src;
+    InputEvent *evt;
+    QTAILQ_ENTRY(QemuInputEventQueue) node;
+};
+
 static QTAILQ_HEAD(, QemuInputHandlerState) handlers =
     QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(handlers);
 static NotifierList mouse_mode_notifiers =
     NOTIFIER_LIST_INITIALIZER(mouse_mode_notifiers);
 
+static QTAILQ_HEAD(QemuInputEventQueueHead, QemuInputEventQueue) kbd_queue =
+    QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(kbd_queue);
+static QEMUTimer *kbd_timer;
+static uint32_t kbd_default_delay_ms = 10;
+
 QemuInputHandlerState *qemu_input_handler_register(DeviceState *dev,
                                                    QemuInputHandler *handler)
 {
@@ -171,6 +191,73 @@ static void qemu_input_event_trace(QemuConsole *src, InputEvent *evt)
     }
 }
 
+static void qemu_input_queue_process(void *opaque)
+{
+    struct QemuInputEventQueueHead *queue = opaque;
+    QemuInputEventQueue *item;
+
+    g_assert(!QTAILQ_EMPTY(queue));
+    item = QTAILQ_FIRST(queue);
+    g_assert(item->type == QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_DELAY);
+    QTAILQ_REMOVE(queue, item, node);
+    g_free(item);
+
+    while (!QTAILQ_EMPTY(queue)) {
+        item = QTAILQ_FIRST(queue);
+        switch (item->type) {
+        case QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_DELAY:
+            timer_mod(item->timer, qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL)
+                      + item->delay_ms);
+            return;
+        case QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_EVENT:
+            qemu_input_event_send(item->src, item->evt);
+            qapi_free_InputEvent(item->evt);
+            break;
+        case QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_SYNC:
+            qemu_input_event_sync();
+            break;
+        }
+        QTAILQ_REMOVE(queue, item, node);
+        g_free(item);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_input_queue_delay(struct QemuInputEventQueueHead *queue,
+                                   QEMUTimer *timer, uint32_t delay_ms)
+{
+    QemuInputEventQueue *item = g_new0(QemuInputEventQueue, 1);
+    bool start_timer = QTAILQ_EMPTY(queue);
+
+    item->type = QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_DELAY;
+    item->delay_ms = delay_ms;
+    item->timer = timer;
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(queue, item, node);
+
+    if (start_timer) {
+        timer_mod(item->timer, qemu_clock_get_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL)
+                  + item->delay_ms);
+    }
+}
+
+static void qemu_input_queue_event(struct QemuInputEventQueueHead *queue,
+                                   QemuConsole *src, InputEvent *evt)
+{
+    QemuInputEventQueue *item = g_new0(QemuInputEventQueue, 1);
+
+    item->type = QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_EVENT;
+    item->src = src;
+    item->evt = evt;
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(queue, item, node);
+}
+
+static void qemu_input_queue_sync(struct QemuInputEventQueueHead *queue)
+{
+    QemuInputEventQueue *item = g_new0(QemuInputEventQueue, 1);
+
+    item->type = QEMU_INPUT_QUEUE_SYNC;
+    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(queue, item, node);
+}
+
 void qemu_input_event_send(QemuConsole *src, InputEvent *evt)
 {
     QemuInputHandlerState *s;
@@ -230,9 +317,14 @@ void qemu_input_event_send_key(QemuConsole *src, KeyValue *key, bool down)
 {
     InputEvent *evt;
     evt = qemu_input_event_new_key(key, down);
-    qemu_input_event_send(src, evt);
-    qemu_input_event_sync();
-    qapi_free_InputEvent(evt);
+    if (QTAILQ_EMPTY(&kbd_queue)) {
+        qemu_input_event_send(src, evt);
+        qemu_input_event_sync();
+        qapi_free_InputEvent(evt);
+    } else {
+        qemu_input_queue_event(&kbd_queue, src, evt);
+        qemu_input_queue_sync(&kbd_queue);
+    }
 }
 
 void qemu_input_event_send_key_number(QemuConsole *src, int num, bool down)
@@ -251,6 +343,16 @@ void qemu_input_event_send_key_qcode(QemuConsole *src, QKeyCode q, bool down)
     qemu_input_event_send_key(src, key, down);
 }
 
+void qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(uint32_t delay_ms)
+{
+    if (!kbd_timer) {
+        kbd_timer = timer_new_ms(QEMU_CLOCK_VIRTUAL, qemu_input_queue_process,
+                                 &kbd_queue);
+    }
+    qemu_input_queue_delay(&kbd_queue, kbd_timer,
+                           delay_ms ? delay_ms : kbd_default_delay_ms);
+}
+
 InputEvent *qemu_input_event_new_btn(InputButton btn, bool down)
 {
     InputEvent *evt = g_new0(InputEvent, 1);

ui/sdl2.c

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ static struct sdl2_state {
     int idx;
     int last_vm_running; /* per console for caption reasons */
     int x, y;
+    int hidden;
 } *sdl2_console;
 
 static SDL_Surface *guest_sprite_surface;
@@ -136,6 +137,9 @@ static void do_sdl_resize(struct sdl2_state *scon, int width, int height,
         } else {
             flags |= SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE;
         }
+        if (scon->hidden) {
+            flags |= SDL_WINDOW_HIDDEN;
+        }
 
         scon->real_window = SDL_CreateWindow("", SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
                                              SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
@@ -210,6 +214,23 @@ static void sdl_process_key(struct sdl2_state *scon,
     int qcode = sdl2_scancode_to_qcode[ev->keysym.scancode];
     QemuConsole *con = scon ? scon->dcl.con : NULL;
 
+    if (!qemu_console_is_graphic(con)) {
+        if (ev->type == SDL_KEYDOWN) {
+            switch (ev->keysym.scancode) {
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_RETURN:
+                kbd_put_keysym_console(con, '\n');
+                break;
+            case SDL_SCANCODE_BACKSPACE:
+                kbd_put_keysym_console(con, QEMU_KEY_BACKSPACE);
+                break;
+            default:
+                kbd_put_qcode_console(con, qcode);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
     switch (ev->keysym.scancode) {
 #if 0
     case SDL_SCANCODE_NUMLOCKCLEAR:
@@ -305,6 +326,11 @@ static void sdl_show_cursor(void)
 
 static void sdl_grab_start(struct sdl2_state *scon)
 {
+    QemuConsole *con = scon ? scon->dcl.con : NULL;
+
+    if (!con || !qemu_console_is_graphic(con)) {
+        return;
+    }
     /*
      * If the application is not active, do not try to enter grab state. This
      * prevents 'SDL_WM_GrabInput(SDL_GRAB_ON)' from blocking all the
@@ -458,7 +484,7 @@ static void toggle_full_screen(struct sdl2_state *scon)
 
 static void handle_keydown(SDL_Event *ev)
 {
-    int mod_state;
+    int mod_state, win;
     struct sdl2_state *scon = get_scon_from_window(ev->key.windowID);
 
     if (alt_grab) {
@@ -473,6 +499,27 @@ static void handle_keydown(SDL_Event *ev)
 
     if (gui_key_modifier_pressed) {
         switch (ev->key.keysym.scancode) {
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_2:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_3:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_4:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_5:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_6:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_7:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_8:
+        case SDL_SCANCODE_9:
+            win = ev->key.keysym.scancode - SDL_SCANCODE_1;
+            if (win < sdl2_num_outputs) {
+                sdl2_console[win].hidden = !sdl2_console[win].hidden;
+                if (sdl2_console[win].real_window) {
+                    if (sdl2_console[win].hidden) {
+                        SDL_HideWindow(sdl2_console[win].real_window);
+                    } else {
+                        SDL_ShowWindow(sdl2_console[win].real_window);
+                    }
+                }
+                gui_keysym = 1;
+            }
+            break;
         case SDL_SCANCODE_F:
             toggle_full_screen(scon);
             gui_keysym = 1;
@@ -544,6 +591,17 @@ static void handle_keyup(SDL_Event *ev)
     }
 }
 
+static void handle_textinput(SDL_Event *ev)
+{
+    struct sdl2_state *scon = get_scon_from_window(ev->key.windowID);
+    QemuConsole *con = scon ? scon->dcl.con : NULL;
+
+    if (qemu_console_is_graphic(con)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    kbd_put_string_console(con, ev->text.text, strlen(ev->text.text));
+}
+
 static void handle_mousemotion(SDL_Event *ev)
 {
     int max_x, max_y;
@@ -680,6 +738,9 @@ static void sdl_refresh(DisplayChangeListener *dcl)
         case SDL_KEYUP:
             handle_keyup(ev);
             break;
+        case SDL_TEXTINPUT:
+            handle_textinput(ev);
+            break;
         case SDL_QUIT:
             if (!no_quit) {
                 no_shutdown = 0;
@@ -808,7 +869,7 @@ void sdl_display_init(DisplayState *ds, int full_screen, int no_frame)
 
     for (i = 0;; i++) {
         QemuConsole *con = qemu_console_lookup_by_index(i);
-        if (!con || !qemu_console_is_graphic(con)) {
+        if (!con) {
             break;
         }
     }
@@ -816,6 +877,9 @@ void sdl_display_init(DisplayState *ds, int full_screen, int no_frame)
     sdl2_console = g_new0(struct sdl2_state, sdl2_num_outputs);
     for (i = 0; i < sdl2_num_outputs; i++) {
         QemuConsole *con = qemu_console_lookup_by_index(i);
+        if (!qemu_console_is_graphic(con)) {
+            sdl2_console[i].hidden = true;
+        }
         sdl2_console[i].dcl.ops = &dcl_ops;
         sdl2_console[i].dcl.con = con;
         register_displaychangelistener(&sdl2_console[i].dcl);

ui/vnc-enc-tight.c

@@ -181,6 +181,10 @@ tight_detect_smooth_image24(VncState *vs, int w, int h)
         }
     }
 
+    if (pixels == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
     /* 95% smooth or more ... */
     if (stats[0] * 33 / pixels >= 95) {
         return 0;
@@ -267,7 +271,9 @@ tight_detect_smooth_image24(VncState *vs, int w, int h)
                 y += w;                                                 \
             }                                                           \
         }                                                               \
-                                                                        \
+        if (pixels == 0) {                                              \
+            return 0;                                                   \
+        }                                                               \
         if ((stats[0] + stats[1]) * 100 / pixels >= 90) {               \
             return 0;                                                   \
         }                                                               \

ui/vnc.c

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 #include "vnc.h"
 #include "vnc-jobs.h"
+#include "trace.h"
 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
 #include "qemu/sockets.h"
 #include "qemu/timer.h"
@@ -1552,7 +1553,9 @@ static void press_key(VncState *vs, int keysym)
 {
     int keycode = keysym2scancode(vs->vd->kbd_layout, keysym) & SCANCODE_KEYMASK;
     qemu_input_event_send_key_number(vs->vd->dcl.con, keycode, true);
+    qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
     qemu_input_event_send_key_number(vs->vd->dcl.con, keycode, false);
+    qemu_input_event_send_key_delay(0);
 }
 
 static int current_led_state(VncState *vs)
@@ -1597,6 +1600,10 @@ static void kbd_leds(void *opaque, int ledstate)
     int caps, num, scr;
     bool has_changed = (ledstate != current_led_state(vs));
 
+    trace_vnc_key_guest_leds((ledstate & QEMU_CAPS_LOCK_LED),
+                             (ledstate & QEMU_NUM_LOCK_LED),
+                             (ledstate & QEMU_SCROLL_LOCK_LED));
+
     caps = ledstate & QEMU_CAPS_LOCK_LED ? 1 : 0;
     num  = ledstate & QEMU_NUM_LOCK_LED  ? 1 : 0;
     scr  = ledstate & QEMU_SCROLL_LOCK_LED ? 1 : 0;
@@ -1659,11 +1666,13 @@ static void do_key_event(VncState *vs, int down, int keycode, int sym)
         */
         if (keysym_is_numlock(vs->vd->kbd_layout, sym & 0xFFFF)) {
             if (!vs->modifiers_state[0x45]) {
+                trace_vnc_key_sync_numlock(true);
                 vs->modifiers_state[0x45] = 1;
                 press_key(vs, 0xff7f);
             }
         } else {
             if (vs->modifiers_state[0x45]) {
+                trace_vnc_key_sync_numlock(false);
                 vs->modifiers_state[0x45] = 0;
                 press_key(vs, 0xff7f);
             }
@@ -1682,11 +1691,13 @@ static void do_key_event(VncState *vs, int down, int keycode, int sym)
         int capslock = !!(vs->modifiers_state[0x3a]);
         if (capslock) {
             if (uppercase == shift) {
+                trace_vnc_key_sync_capslock(false);
                 vs->modifiers_state[0x3a] = 0;
                 press_key(vs, 0xffe5);
             }
         } else {
             if (uppercase != shift) {
+                trace_vnc_key_sync_capslock(true);
                 vs->modifiers_state[0x3a] = 1;
                 press_key(vs, 0xffe5);
             }
@@ -1819,6 +1830,11 @@ static void vnc_release_modifiers(VncState *vs)
     }
 }
 
+static const char *code2name(int keycode)
+{
+    return QKeyCode_lookup[qemu_input_key_number_to_qcode(keycode)];
+}
+
 static void key_event(VncState *vs, int down, uint32_t sym)
 {
     int keycode;
@@ -1829,6 +1845,7 @@ static void key_event(VncState *vs, int down, uint32_t sym)
     }
 
     keycode = keysym2scancode(vs->vd->kbd_layout, lsym & 0xFFFF) & SCANCODE_KEYMASK;
+    trace_vnc_key_event_map(down, sym, keycode, code2name(keycode));
     do_key_event(vs, down, keycode, sym);
 }
 
@@ -1836,10 +1853,12 @@ static void ext_key_event(VncState *vs, int down,
                           uint32_t sym, uint16_t keycode)
 {
     /* if the user specifies a keyboard layout, always use it */
-    if (keyboard_layout)
+    if (keyboard_layout) {
         key_event(vs, down, sym);
-    else
+    } else {
+        trace_vnc_key_event_ext(down, sym, keycode, code2name(keycode));
         do_key_event(vs, down, keycode, sym);
+    }
 }
 
 static void framebuffer_update_request(VncState *vs, int incremental,
@@ -2929,10 +2948,12 @@ void vnc_display_init(DisplayState *ds)
     QTAILQ_INIT(&vs->clients);
     vs->expires = TIME_MAX;
 
-    if (keyboard_layout)
+    if (keyboard_layout) {
+        trace_vnc_key_map_init(keyboard_layout);
         vs->kbd_layout = init_keyboard_layout(name2keysym, keyboard_layout);
-    else
+    } else {
         vs->kbd_layout = init_keyboard_layout(name2keysym, "en-us");
+    }
 
     if (!vs->kbd_layout)
         exit(1);
@@ -2976,26 +2997,6 @@ static void vnc_display_close(DisplayState *ds)
 #endif
 }
 
-static int vnc_display_disable_login(DisplayState *ds)
-{
-    VncDisplay *vs = vnc_display;
-
-    if (!vs) {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if (vs->password) {
-        g_free(vs->password);
-    }
-
-    vs->password = NULL;
-    if (vs->auth == VNC_AUTH_NONE) {
-        vs->auth = VNC_AUTH_VNC;
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
 int vnc_display_password(DisplayState *ds, const char *password)
 {
     VncDisplay *vs = vnc_display;
@@ -3003,20 +3004,18 @@ int vnc_display_password(DisplayState *ds, const char *password)
     if (!vs) {
         return -EINVAL;
     }
-
-    if (!password) {
-        /* This is not the intention of this interface but err on the side
-           of being safe */
-        return vnc_display_disable_login(ds);
+    if (vs->auth == VNC_AUTH_NONE) {
+        error_printf_unless_qmp("If you want use passwords please enable "
+                                "password auth using '-vnc ${dpy},password'.");
+        return -EINVAL;
     }
 
     if (vs->password) {
         g_free(vs->password);
         vs->password = NULL;
     }
-    vs->password = g_strdup(password);
-    if (vs->auth == VNC_AUTH_NONE) {
-        vs->auth = VNC_AUTH_VNC;
+    if (password) {
+        vs->password = g_strdup(password);
     }
 
     return 0;